CONSUMER TRENDS AND QUALITY STANDARDS OF MANGO EXPORT FROM INDIA H.P. Singh Deputy Director General (Hort.) Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi Consumer Trends and Export of Tropical and Subtropical Fruits – Bangkok HPS (July 14-16, 2008)
Current status of mango • There is a growing demand for mango across the globe due to exquisite flavour, taste and neutraceutical properties • The major mango producing countries are India, China, Bangladesh, Thailand, Mexico, Pakistan, Philippines etc • India is the largest producer of mango in the world. • It produces 40 percent of the total world production. HPS
Major mango producing countries of the world 380 Egypt 203 812 Nigeria 500 1003 Philippines 933 1348 Brazil 456 1996-1997 2005-2006 1413 Indonesia 783 1606 Pakistan 908 1679 Mexico 1190 1800 Thailand 1400 3676 China 2002 12538 India 9981 100 2100 4100 6100 8100 10100 12100 14100 Production (000MT) HPS
Area and Production of Mango in India 12733.2 12537.9 2500 14000 Area Production 11829.7 11490 10503.5 10234.2 12000 10056.8 10020.2 1970.4 2020.6 9981.2 9781.7 2000 1906.7 10000 Production (in 000,MT) 1623.4 1575.8 Area (in 000, HA) 1519 1486.9 1500 1401.6 1384.9 1344.9 8000 6000 1000 4000 500 2000 0 0 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 2002-03 2003-04 2004-05 2005-06 HPS
Growth of mango export from India 160.0 142 Quantity (000 MT) Value (Rs. Cr) 140.0 128 120.0 111 100.0 90 79.0 84 81 80.0 69.6 79 74 72 60.5 69 53.4 60.0 45.4 44.4 42.8 38.0 37.1 45 34.6 40.0 24.7 20.0 0.0 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 - - - - - - - - - - - 6 7 8 9 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 9 9 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 HPS
Destination of mango export from India 105 Kuwait 268 70 Japan 237 242 Singapore 160 2004-05 2005-06 4116 Nepal 3401 621 Behrain 849 261 Netherland 532 840 United Kingdom 1309 1564 Saudi Arabia 230 32771 Bangladesh 32503 26534 U.A.E. 10339 0 5000 10000 15000 20000 25000 30000 35000 Quantity (MT) HPS
Export of processed products 180 6000 160 5000 Mango Pulp Quantity 140 Quantity(000' MT) Value (Million Rs.) Mango Pulp Value 120 4000 100 3000 80 60 2000 40 1000 20 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 YEAR ( 1 : 1997-98; 10 : 2006-07) EXPORT OF MANGO PULP FROM INDIA HPS (1997-98 to 2006-07)
Export of mango jam from India 25 1000 900 Mango Jam Quantity Quantity (000' MT) Value ( Million Rs.) 20 800 Mango Jam Value 700 15 600 500 10 400 300 5 200 100 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 YEAR (1 : 1997-98; 10 : 2006-07) HPS
Mango varieties exported • Alphonso (March - June) • Banganapalli (March - June) • Dashehari (May - July) HPS
• Langra (June - July) • Kesar (April - July) • Chausa (June - August) HPS
Potential Exportable Varieties • Ratoul • Mallika • Himsagar HPS
Varietal preference in different part of India Andhra Pradesh Banganapalli, Suvarnarekha, Neelam and Totapuri Gujrat Kesar, Alphonso and Rajapuri Karnataka Banganapalli, Alphonso, Pairi, Neelum and Malgoa Maharashtra Alphonso, Kesar and Pairi Tamil Nadu Alphonso, Totaapuri and Banganapalli Uttar Pradesh Dashehari, Langra and Chausa West Bengal Himsagar, Kishenbhog and Gulabkhas Bihar Langra, Bombay Green, Jardalu, Sepia, Sukul HPS
Strength of India in Mango export • Climatic variability – allows to harvest mango for a longer period • Availability of different type of variety, which suits the different groups of consumers • Research and R&D system inplace • Developed infrastructure for export through air and sea. HPS
Consumer Preference of Importing Countries • In most of the importing countries – Appearance of fruit (peel colour – yellow / red colour) • Fruit quality – Fleshy with attractive pulp colour – Fiber less pulp – Firmness – Sugar and Acid blend – Free from any damage HPS
Can we change the consumer preference - YES • Availability of varieties with attractive peel and pulp colour • Availability of assorted varieties • Varities with longer shelf life • More nutritive value – Vitamin C, β carotene • Hygienic – free from any pest / disease damage and pesticidal residue HPS
Research Initiatives • Institute engaged on Mango Research – Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi – Central Institute for Subtropical Horticulture (CISH), Lucknow and – Indian Institute of Horticultural Research (IIHR), Bangalore – Indian Institute of Agricultural Research (IARI), New Delhi – All India Coordinated Research Project (AICRP) – Centres in different parts of the country HPS Contd….
• Develop cultivars suitable for export market – Arunima and Arunika. Arunima Arunika • Develop technology for production of exportable quality fruit. • Develop post harvest management strategies for long distance transport. • Monitor and promote the export of fresh fruits and processed products. HPS
Research Achievements • Largest collection of mango accession • Identified suitable cultivars for different agro-climatic conditions • Developed mass production technology for production of plants through out the year • Developed >35 new cultivars • Developed nutrient and water management technologies • High density planting • Technology for green production HPS Contd…
Research Achievements • Integrated management of pest and diseases. • Bagging of fruits for control of fruit fly and post harvest diseases. • Post harvest techniques for grading, packaging, storage and transport. • Developed vapour heat treatment to check fruit fly. • Irradiation technology developed. • Uniform ripening procedure protocol developed. HPS
Development strategies • Department of Agriculture and Cooperation – NHM • National Horticulture Board (NHB) – Post Harvest Management • Agricultural & Processed Food Products Export Development Authority (APEDA) – Export Promotion • Ministry of Food Processing Industries - Processing HPS
Export Promotion and Regulations – Registration of farmers by APEDA for export – Adherence to Codex Alimentarius norms – Pre harvest spraying of recommended chemicals – Maturity • Full mature – Export through air • 75-80% maturity – Export through sea HPS
Minimum quality standards of mango Fruit shall be:- • whole, firm, sound and fresh in appearance; • clean, practically free of any visible foreign matter; • free of marked bruising, • free from damage caused by low/or high temperature; • free of any foreign smell and/or taste; • free of damage caused by pests; • sufficiently developed and display satisfactory ripeness; • when a peduncle is present, it shall not be no longer than 1.0 cm. • Mangoes shall comply with the residue levels of heavy metals, pesticides and other food safety parameters as laid down by the Codex Alimentarius Commission for exports. HPS
Grade designation and quality of mangoes Grade Grade Requirements Grade tolerances designation Extra Mangoes must be of superior quality, 5% by class characteristic of the variety and free of defects number or weight. Class I Mangoes must be of good quality, characteristic 10% by of the variety and may have slight defects number or (shape, suberized stains and healed bruises). weight. Class II This grade includes mangoes which do not 10% by qualify for inclusion in the higher grades, but number or satisfy the minimum requirements. weight. HPS
Grading and size tolerance Size Weight Maximum Permissible Max. permissible difference Code (grams) difference within the between fruit in each packet (grams) package (grams) A 100 - 200 90 - 220 50.0 B 201 - 350 180 - 425 112.5 C 351 - 550 251 - 650 150.0 D 551 - 800 426 - 925 187.5 HPS
• Harvesting - Fruit should be harvested with utmost care either by hand with a clipper or harvester having 8-10 mm pedicle. • Desapping – Invert the fruit in a desapper for about 25 – 30 minutes for complete removal of sap. HPS
Post harvest treatment • Hot water treatment - Hot water at 52±1 0 C supplemented with Prochloraz (0.1%) for 10 min for diseases control At 48±1 0 C for 40 min for fruit fly control • Vapour heat treatment Temperature of the treatment chamber shall be raised step by step to 50 0 C for 20 minutes . – for export to Japan • Irradiation Vapour heat treatment system At 400 Grays using Cobalt-60. – for export to USA HPS
Packaging – Use of good packaging material (Corrugated Fiber Board ) Dimensions of box – Alphonso (320x230x90 mm) – Banganpalli (390x260x115 mm) – Chausa (390x280x105 mm) HPS
Storage • Fruits are stored in a cold room having a temperature range of 10 – 15 0 C, and 85 – 90 % RH, according to variety . • The controlled atmosphere (CA) refrigerated containers for long term storage and shipment of mangoes (up to 4 weeks). (CO 2 and O 2 both @ 5%) HPS
Recommend
More recommend
