Grain Industry Symposium 19 th November 2013 Dennis Stephens Secretary International Grain Trade Coalition www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 1
IGTC – International Grain Trade Coalition - history December 2000: Montpellier, France – 1 st Meeting of Intergovernmental Committee on Cartagena Protocol Potential decisions could have profound impact on global grain trade Most delegates from environmental ministries - little knowledge nor interest in commercial implications of decisions NGOs had profound impact on decisions Exporter trade associations (CGC and NAEGA) had minimal impact Conclusions: Exporters should avoid ratification of Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety New global grain trade advocacy strategy must be developed to minimize Protocol’s potential adverse trade impact Trade disruptions impact both importers and exporters New advocacy strategy must involve both importers and exporters www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 2
IGTC – International Grain Trade Coalition created June 2001: Vancouver, Canada – DFAIT financing – CGC hosts meeting of sovereign importer and exporter grain trade associations International Grain Trade Coalition formed to advise governments on implementation of the Biosafety Protocol to protect global biodiversity while meeting the needs of the world’s food, feed and processing industries IGTC scope refined in 2006 to focus existence on the goal of avoiding disruptions in the international trade of grain, oilseeds, pulses and derived products www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 3
IGTC Membership - 22 Organizations / 8000 Members / 80 Countries COCERAL RGU CGC GAFTA CNFA NAEGA, NCGA, NGFA, CNAGS USGC, USW, CRA ANIAME, APPAMEX , SOPA ABIOVE SESPA CAPECO ANEC GTA, AGEA CEC www.igtcglobal.com 4
IGTC – major files Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety Synchronization of event approvals/Low Level Presence policies – international and national approaches IPPC – International Phytosanitary Grain Standard Technology developer stewardship policies www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 5
Major files – Biosafety Protocol • Article 18.2(a) scheduled for review at COP/MOP-7 September 2014 in Korea – 18.2(a) dictates shipping documentation required for transboundary movement of LMOs • Current requirements decided in 2006 at COP/MOP-3 (Curitiba) Use of commercial invoice “Contains” for IP shipments of specific event “May contain” with list of events that may be in shipment for normal bulk trade “May contain” without list of events in Party/Non-Party trade (Mexico/US/Canada) Expected demands Stand alone documentation No exemption for Party /Non Party trade Bar codes for each event that may be in shipment www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 6
IGTC – COP/MOP-7 strategy? Key focus will be Article 18.2(a) Minimum objective – Maintain status quo Highlight benefits of Mexican corn pilot study Reject demands for stand alone documentation, bar codes and removal of Party /Non Party exemption Maximum objective – Extend “may contain” without list of events from Party / Non-Party to Party / Party Ensure other issues adopt commercially acceptable decisions Liability & Redress Risk Assessment/Risk Management Biosafety Clearing House www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 7
Major files - LLP The evolving use of biotechnology and the divergent regulatory approaches to managing GM crops are threatening global food security Importing countries: Exporting countries: i ncreasing “ z ero tolerance” policy on GM GM commercialization High risk of detecting GMOs in imported commodities www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 8
Types of LLP LLP from asynchronous approval: May occur when the country of export has already approved a GM event for cultivation, while the country of import is in the process of authorizing it LLP from isolated foreign approval (often described as asymmetric approval): May occur when the country of export approves a GM event for commercial production and in the country of import no submission for the approval is sought by the developer of the event or in which an approval is not granted for reasons falling outside food safety LLP from discontinued event: May occur when in the country of import the approval of the GM event expires and the technology developer does not submit an application for the continuation of the approval www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 9
LLP policies: key objectives Provide for food, feed Viability of supply environmental legal certainty to Scientifically based safety operators internationally consistent LLP policy Consistent with bulk Encourage policy handling system and harmonization manufacturing synchronization of Providers, producers practices approvals and subsequent holders to be fully responsible www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 10
New GMO regulatory policies must reflect differences in risk Low levels of recombinant DNA plant materials that have passed a food safety assessment according to Codex guideline for the conduct of food safety assessment of foods derived from YES recombinant-DNA plants (CAC/GL 45-2003) in one or more countries but may on occasion be present in food in importing countries in which the safety of the relevant recombinant-DNA plants has not yet been determined – definition of LLP adopted by Global LLP Initiative NO Adventitious Presence (AP): unintentional presence of GMOs NO that have never been approved anyplace on the basis of the Codex international guidelines for food plant safety assessment www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 11
LLP Policies: risk management Be temporary by following a Be consistent by process-based Biotech developers’ providing for 3 authorization commitment to be approaches as the fully responsible for LLP sources GM Commercially commercialization practical feasible Explore Provide for LLP international marketing process threshold www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 12
Marketing LLP thresholds recommendations IGTC recommends 5%: With food safety concerns addressed, governments must ensure that LLP policies do not create unintentional increases in food and feed prices International grain trade experience confirms that 5% levels can be achieved with minimal cost impact within the global handling and transportation system International Agricultural Trade Research Consortium study – Guillaume Gruere – “Asynchronous Approvals of GM Products, Price Inflation, and the Codex Annex, What Low Level Presence Policy for APEC Countries?” “going from 0% to 5% would reduce total costs by over 70% in both the case of maize and soybeans” www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 13
Current LLP regulatory status • National – public consultation phase • Canada • Philippines • Colombia • International – Global LLP Initiative • Members- Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Costa Rica, Mexico, Paraguay, Philippines, Russia, United States, Uruguay, Viet Nam; • Observers - China, Colombia, Korea, , South Africa, EU • 3 Meetings – Vancouver 2012, Rosario 2012, Durban 2013 • Next meeting – 4 th quarter 2014 • Future – IGTC recommends FAO LLP Consultations – 2014 • Generate discussion among developing countries on potential food security impact of LLP detection www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 14
Major files – phytosanitary grain standard The International Plant Protection Convention (IPPC) is an international agreement on plant health signed by 179 governments to protect cultivated and wild plants by preventing the introduction and spread of pests. The Commission on Phytosanitary Measures (CPM) that governs IPPC agreed at its 8 th meeting in Rome in April, 2013 to the continued development of an International Standard for Phytosanitary Measures (ISPM) on the international movement of grain. The ISPMs are the standards, guidelines and recommendations recognized as the basis for phytosanitary measures applied by the WTO under the application of the Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures Agreement (SPS Agreement). A Standards Committee develops the proposed standards that are then submitted to the CPM for approval. www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 15
Scope of Grain Standard CPM-8 requested Standards Committee Narrow scope of proposed specifications to phytosanitary issues and to exclude Living Modified Organisms (LMOs), climate change, food safety and quality issues Determine if traceability should or should not be excluded IGTC supports CPM- 8’s decision to exclude LMOs, climate change, food safety and quality issues Standards Committee meets in Rome on 18-22 November to redraft proposed standard for consultation by member countries. Three strategic experts from the United States, Brazil and Kenya have been named to provide “strategic advice” IGTC urges governments to exclude traceability from the scope of specifications for the proposed new international phytosanitary grain standard. www.igtcglobal.com - secretariat@igtcglobal.com 16
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