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Sep 25, 2023 •28 likes •1.05k views

Forms, CGI Forms, CGI Objectives DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 1 / 19 Forms, CGI Forms, CGI Objectives The basics of HTML forms DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 1 / 19 Forms, CGI

  1. Forms, CGI POST form submission POST /response.html HTTP/1.1 Content-Type: application/x-www-form-urlencoded Content-Length: 59 ... Host: localhost someText=change+me%21&somePass=sdfdsf&theButton=click+me%21 ◮ When sending data with the POST method, the query string is sent after the HTTP empty line marking the end of the HTTP header. – So the query string is HTTP content ◮ By doing that, the POST method lets you send content with any length (e.g. upload large files) ◮ The POST query string is not visible in the browser! – You can have both GET-style and POST query strings by <form action="someScript?p1=v1&p2=v2" method="post"> DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 7 / 19

  2. Forms, CGI Form <input> ◮ For all HTML inputs you can indicate CSS styles, etc – http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/input.html DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 8 / 19

  3. Forms, CGI Form <input> ◮ For all HTML inputs you can indicate CSS styles, etc – http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/input.html ◮ type="text" and type="password" was demonstrated DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 8 / 19

  4. Forms, CGI Form <input> ◮ For all HTML inputs you can indicate CSS styles, etc – http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/input.html ◮ type="text" and type="password" was demonstrated ◮ type="submit" creates a submit button. If you don’t set any value, it will be "submit query" DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 8 / 19

  5. Forms, CGI Form <input> ◮ For all HTML inputs you can indicate CSS styles, etc – http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/input.html ◮ type="text" and type="password" was demonstrated ◮ type="submit" creates a submit button. If you don’t set any value, it will be "submit query" ◮ Most inputs have a name= (not necessarily needed for type=submit) DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 8 / 19

  6. Forms, CGI Form <input> ◮ For all HTML inputs you can indicate CSS styles, etc – http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/input.html ◮ type="text" and type="password" was demonstrated ◮ type="submit" creates a submit button. If you don’t set any value, it will be "submit query" ◮ Most inputs have a name= (not necessarily needed for type=submit) ◮ Most inputs have a type= that determines the user interface element type DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 8 / 19

  7. Forms, CGI Form <input> ◮ For all HTML inputs you can indicate CSS styles, etc – http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/input.html ◮ type="text" and type="password" was demonstrated ◮ type="submit" creates a submit button. If you don’t set any value, it will be "submit query" ◮ Most inputs have a name= (not necessarily needed for type=submit) ◮ Most inputs have a type= that determines the user interface element type ◮ Most inputs have a value= to indicate initial value DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 8 / 19

  8. Forms, CGI Form <input> ◮ For all HTML inputs you can indicate CSS styles, etc – http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/input.html ◮ type="text" and type="password" was demonstrated ◮ type="submit" creates a submit button. If you don’t set any value, it will be "submit query" ◮ Most inputs have a name= (not necessarily needed for type=submit) ◮ Most inputs have a type= that determines the user interface element type ◮ Most inputs have a value= to indicate initial value ◮ type="reset" creates a button that brings all inputs to their initial values DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 8 / 19

  9. Forms, CGI Form <textarea> and <select> Dedicated input elements: DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 9 / 19

  10. Forms, CGI Form <textarea> and <select> Dedicated input elements: ◮ <textarea name="aText"> initial text multiline </textarea> http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/textarea.html DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 9 / 19

  11. Forms, CGI Form <textarea> and <select> Dedicated input elements: ◮ <textarea name="aText"> initial text multiline </textarea> http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/textarea.html ◮ <select name="aChoice" > <option value="1">option title</option> <option value="two">second</option> </select> http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/select.html To indicate an initial value, options can be declared <option selected ...> If the select is declared <select multiple ...> , multiple options can be sent DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 9 / 19

  12. Forms, CGI Form <textarea> and <select> Dedicated input elements: ◮ <textarea name="aText"> initial text multiline </textarea> http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/textarea.html ◮ <select name="aChoice" > <option value="1">option title</option> <option value="two">second</option> </select> http://www.htmlhelp.com/reference/html40/forms/select.html To indicate an initial value, options can be declared <option selected ...> If the select is declared <select multiple ...> , multiple options can be sent ◮ The query string looks like aChoice=1&aChoice=two etc, i.e. the name repeats for each value DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 9 / 19

  13. Forms, CGI Checkboxes and radio buttons ◮ <input type="checkbox" name="x" value="y" /> DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 10 / 19

  14. Forms, CGI Checkboxes and radio buttons ◮ <input type="checkbox" name="x" value="y" /> ◮ Typically you will have more checkboxes with the same name DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 10 / 19

  15. Forms, CGI Checkboxes and radio buttons ◮ <input type="checkbox" name="x" value="y" /> ◮ Typically you will have more checkboxes with the same name ◮ All of the checked boxes will be sent in the query string, with the same name and the respective values, as for <select multiple > DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 10 / 19

  16. Forms, CGI Checkboxes and radio buttons ◮ <input type="checkbox" name="x" value="y" /> ◮ Typically you will have more checkboxes with the same name ◮ All of the checked boxes will be sent in the query string, with the same name and the respective values, as for <select multiple > ◮ <input type="radio" name="x" value="y"/> DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 10 / 19

  17. Forms, CGI Checkboxes and radio buttons ◮ <input type="checkbox" name="x" value="y" /> ◮ Typically you will have more checkboxes with the same name ◮ All of the checked boxes will be sent in the query string, with the same name and the respective values, as for <select multiple > ◮ <input type="radio" name="x" value="y"/> ◮ Typically you will have more radio buttons with the same name DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 10 / 19

  18. Forms, CGI Checkboxes and radio buttons ◮ <input type="checkbox" name="x" value="y" /> ◮ Typically you will have more checkboxes with the same name ◮ All of the checked boxes will be sent in the query string, with the same name and the respective values, as for <select multiple > ◮ <input type="radio" name="x" value="y"/> ◮ Typically you will have more radio buttons with the same name ◮ Normally only one radio button can be checked DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 10 / 19

  19. Forms, CGI Common Gateway Interface (CGI) ◮ CGI is a standard that allows us to write programs that respond to forms DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 11 / 19

  20. Forms, CGI Common Gateway Interface (CGI) ◮ CGI is a standard that allows us to write programs that respond to forms ◮ A standard HTTP server responds to every request DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 11 / 19

  21. Forms, CGI Common Gateway Interface (CGI) ◮ CGI is a standard that allows us to write programs that respond to forms ◮ A standard HTTP server responds to every request ◮ For some requests (typically starting with /cgi-bin/ ) the server will start a program DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 11 / 19

  22. Forms, CGI Common Gateway Interface (CGI) ◮ CGI is a standard that allows us to write programs that respond to forms ◮ A standard HTTP server responds to every request ◮ For some requests (typically starting with /cgi-bin/ ) the server will start a program ◮ CGI is the interface between the HTTP server and our program DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 11 / 19

  23. Forms, CGI Common Gateway Interface (CGI) ◮ CGI is a standard that allows us to write programs that respond to forms ◮ A standard HTTP server responds to every request ◮ For some requests (typically starting with /cgi-bin/ ) the server will start a program ◮ CGI is the interface between the HTTP server and our program ◮ CGI lets us to find out what has been in the HTTP request that the server got http://hoohoo.ncsa.uiuc.edu/cgi/overview.html http://www.cgi-resources.com DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 11 / 19

  24. Forms, CGI The input/output paradigm ◮ Normally in DOS or Unix a program reads an input stream (so-called standard input) and writes to an output stream (so-called standard output) DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 12 / 19

  25. Forms, CGI The input/output paradigm ◮ Normally in DOS or Unix a program reads an input stream (so-called standard input) and writes to an output stream (so-called standard output) ◮ A DOS or Unix program also reads its command line arguments, and its environment variables DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 12 / 19

  26. Forms, CGI The input/output paradigm ◮ Normally in DOS or Unix a program reads an input stream (so-called standard input) and writes to an output stream (so-called standard output) ◮ A DOS or Unix program also reads its command line arguments, and its environment variables ◮ In DOS you can set an env variable like set varName=value DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 12 / 19

  27. Forms, CGI The input/output paradigm ◮ Normally in DOS or Unix a program reads an input stream (so-called standard input) and writes to an output stream (so-called standard output) ◮ A DOS or Unix program also reads its command line arguments, and its environment variables ◮ In DOS you can set an env variable like set varName=value ◮ In Unix, it depends on your shell (command line interpreter), DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 12 / 19

  28. Forms, CGI The input/output paradigm ◮ Normally in DOS or Unix a program reads an input stream (so-called standard input) and writes to an output stream (so-called standard output) ◮ A DOS or Unix program also reads its command line arguments, and its environment variables ◮ In DOS you can set an env variable like set varName=value ◮ In Unix, it depends on your shell (command line interpreter), ◮ In bash export varName=value DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 12 / 19

  29. Forms, CGI The input/output paradigm ◮ Normally in DOS or Unix a program reads an input stream (so-called standard input) and writes to an output stream (so-called standard output) ◮ A DOS or Unix program also reads its command line arguments, and its environment variables ◮ In DOS you can set an env variable like set varName=value ◮ In Unix, it depends on your shell (command line interpreter), ◮ In bash export varName=value ◮ In csh setenv varName value DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 12 / 19

  30. Forms, CGI The input/output paradigm ◮ Normally in DOS or Unix a program reads an input stream (so-called standard input) and writes to an output stream (so-called standard output) ◮ A DOS or Unix program also reads its command line arguments, and its environment variables ◮ In DOS you can set an env variable like set varName=value ◮ In Unix, it depends on your shell (command line interpreter), ◮ In bash export varName=value ◮ In csh setenv varName value ◮ For example the PATH environment variable tells the system where to find programs DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 12 / 19

  31. Forms, CGI The input/output paradigm ◮ Normally in DOS or Unix a program reads an input stream (so-called standard input) and writes to an output stream (so-called standard output) ◮ A DOS or Unix program also reads its command line arguments, and its environment variables ◮ In DOS you can set an env variable like set varName=value ◮ In Unix, it depends on your shell (command line interpreter), ◮ In bash export varName=value ◮ In csh setenv varName value ◮ For example the PATH environment variable tells the system where to find programs ◮ So for input there are: standard input, command line arguments and environment variables DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 12 / 19

  32. Forms, CGI The input/output paradigm ◮ Normally in DOS or Unix a program reads an input stream (so-called standard input) and writes to an output stream (so-called standard output) ◮ A DOS or Unix program also reads its command line arguments, and its environment variables ◮ In DOS you can set an env variable like set varName=value ◮ In Unix, it depends on your shell (command line interpreter), ◮ In bash export varName=value ◮ In csh setenv varName value ◮ For example the PATH environment variable tells the system where to find programs ◮ So for input there are: standard input, command line arguments and environment variables ◮ The standard output is the only place for program output DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 12 / 19

  33. Forms, CGI CGI program input/output ◮ Input: a number of environment variables set by the WWW server DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 13 / 19

  34. Forms, CGI CGI program input/output ◮ Input: a number of environment variables set by the WWW server ◮ One of the variables (the QUERY_STRING ) contains arguments in the form arg1=value1&arg2=value2&... DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 13 / 19

  35. Forms, CGI CGI program input/output ◮ Input: a number of environment variables set by the WWW server ◮ One of the variables (the QUERY_STRING ) contains arguments in the form arg1=value1&arg2=value2&... ◮ In the GET method the query string is read from the URL, after the ’?’ sign http://yourServer:port/cgi-bin/scriptName?arg1=value1&arg2=value2 DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 13 / 19

  36. Forms, CGI CGI program input/output ◮ Input: a number of environment variables set by the WWW server ◮ One of the variables (the QUERY_STRING ) contains arguments in the form arg1=value1&arg2=value2&... ◮ In the GET method the query string is read from the URL, after the ’?’ sign http://yourServer:port/cgi-bin/scriptName?arg1=value1&arg2=value2 ◮ In the POST method the standard input gives the query string DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 13 / 19

  37. Forms, CGI CGI program input/output ◮ Input: a number of environment variables set by the WWW server ◮ One of the variables (the QUERY_STRING ) contains arguments in the form arg1=value1&arg2=value2&... ◮ In the GET method the query string is read from the URL, after the ’?’ sign http://yourServer:port/cgi-bin/scriptName?arg1=value1&arg2=value2 ◮ In the POST method the standard input gives the query string ◮ Output: the standard output of the CGI program will be sent back to the browser! DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 13 / 19

  38. Forms, CGI CGI program input/output ◮ Input: a number of environment variables set by the WWW server ◮ One of the variables (the QUERY_STRING ) contains arguments in the form arg1=value1&arg2=value2&... ◮ In the GET method the query string is read from the URL, after the ’?’ sign http://yourServer:port/cgi-bin/scriptName?arg1=value1&arg2=value2 ◮ In the POST method the standard input gives the query string ◮ Output: the standard output of the CGI program will be sent back to the browser! ◮ Both the HTTP headers and content DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 13 / 19

  39. Forms, CGI CGI program input/output ◮ Input: a number of environment variables set by the WWW server ◮ One of the variables (the QUERY_STRING ) contains arguments in the form arg1=value1&arg2=value2&... ◮ In the GET method the query string is read from the URL, after the ’?’ sign http://yourServer:port/cgi-bin/scriptName?arg1=value1&arg2=value2 ◮ In the POST method the standard input gives the query string ◮ Output: the standard output of the CGI program will be sent back to the browser! ◮ Both the HTTP headers and content ◮ Headers, empty line, content DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 13 / 19

  40. Forms, CGI CGI program input/output ◮ Input: a number of environment variables set by the WWW server ◮ One of the variables (the QUERY_STRING ) contains arguments in the form arg1=value1&arg2=value2&... ◮ In the GET method the query string is read from the URL, after the ’?’ sign http://yourServer:port/cgi-bin/scriptName?arg1=value1&arg2=value2 ◮ In the POST method the standard input gives the query string ◮ Output: the standard output of the CGI program will be sent back to the browser! ◮ Both the HTTP headers and content ◮ Headers, empty line, content ◮ Content is typically HTML but not necessarily DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 13 / 19

  41. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  42. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  43. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se ◮ SERVER_PORT : e.g. 80 DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  44. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se ◮ SERVER_PORT : e.g. 80 ◮ REQUEST_METHOD : GET or POST DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  45. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se ◮ SERVER_PORT : e.g. 80 ◮ REQUEST_METHOD : GET or POST ◮ PATH_INFO : path to your program in the URL, like /cgi-bin/prog DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  46. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se ◮ SERVER_PORT : e.g. 80 ◮ REQUEST_METHOD : GET or POST ◮ PATH_INFO : path to your program in the URL, like /cgi-bin/prog ◮ PATH_TRANSLATED : path of the program on disk DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  47. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se ◮ SERVER_PORT : e.g. 80 ◮ REQUEST_METHOD : GET or POST ◮ PATH_INFO : path to your program in the URL, like /cgi-bin/prog ◮ PATH_TRANSLATED : path of the program on disk ◮ SCRIPT_NAME : name of the CGI program DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  48. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se ◮ SERVER_PORT : e.g. 80 ◮ REQUEST_METHOD : GET or POST ◮ PATH_INFO : path to your program in the URL, like /cgi-bin/prog ◮ PATH_TRANSLATED : path of the program on disk ◮ SCRIPT_NAME : name of the CGI program ◮ QUERY_STRING : actual path of the program DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  49. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se ◮ SERVER_PORT : e.g. 80 ◮ REQUEST_METHOD : GET or POST ◮ PATH_INFO : path to your program in the URL, like /cgi-bin/prog ◮ PATH_TRANSLATED : path of the program on disk ◮ SCRIPT_NAME : name of the CGI program ◮ QUERY_STRING : actual path of the program ◮ REMOTE_HOST : host where the request comes from DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  50. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se ◮ SERVER_PORT : e.g. 80 ◮ REQUEST_METHOD : GET or POST ◮ PATH_INFO : path to your program in the URL, like /cgi-bin/prog ◮ PATH_TRANSLATED : path of the program on disk ◮ SCRIPT_NAME : name of the CGI program ◮ QUERY_STRING : actual path of the program ◮ REMOTE_HOST : host where the request comes from ◮ AUTH_TYPE : authentication if the user logged-in (e.g. BASIC) DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  51. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se ◮ SERVER_PORT : e.g. 80 ◮ REQUEST_METHOD : GET or POST ◮ PATH_INFO : path to your program in the URL, like /cgi-bin/prog ◮ PATH_TRANSLATED : path of the program on disk ◮ SCRIPT_NAME : name of the CGI program ◮ QUERY_STRING : actual path of the program ◮ REMOTE_HOST : host where the request comes from ◮ AUTH_TYPE : authentication if the user logged-in (e.g. BASIC) ◮ REMOTE_USER : username if the user logged-in DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  52. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se ◮ SERVER_PORT : e.g. 80 ◮ REQUEST_METHOD : GET or POST ◮ PATH_INFO : path to your program in the URL, like /cgi-bin/prog ◮ PATH_TRANSLATED : path of the program on disk ◮ SCRIPT_NAME : name of the CGI program ◮ QUERY_STRING : actual path of the program ◮ REMOTE_HOST : host where the request comes from ◮ AUTH_TYPE : authentication if the user logged-in (e.g. BASIC) ◮ REMOTE_USER : username if the user logged-in ◮ CONTENT_TYPE : the content-type HTTP header DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  53. Forms, CGI CGI environment variables ◮ SERVER_SOFTWARE : type of the server ◮ SERVER_NAME : e.g. www.nada.kth.se ◮ SERVER_PORT : e.g. 80 ◮ REQUEST_METHOD : GET or POST ◮ PATH_INFO : path to your program in the URL, like /cgi-bin/prog ◮ PATH_TRANSLATED : path of the program on disk ◮ SCRIPT_NAME : name of the CGI program ◮ QUERY_STRING : actual path of the program ◮ REMOTE_HOST : host where the request comes from ◮ AUTH_TYPE : authentication if the user logged-in (e.g. BASIC) ◮ REMOTE_USER : username if the user logged-in ◮ CONTENT_TYPE : the content-type HTTP header ◮ CONTENT_LENGTH : the content-length HTTP header (useful in POST) DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 14 / 19

  54. Forms, CGI CGI at NADA ◮ Put your CGI program in your CGI dir at NADA (if it’s activated) /afs/nada.kth.se/public/www.student/cgibin/yourUserName/yourProgram DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 15 / 19

  55. Forms, CGI CGI at NADA ◮ Put your CGI program in your CGI dir at NADA (if it’s activated) /afs/nada.kth.se/public/www.student/cgibin/yourUserName/yourProgram ◮ Make sure that the file has execution rights chmod uo+x yourProgram cd /afs/nada.kth.se/public/www.student/cgi-bin/yourUserName/ fs setacl . system:anyuser rl DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 15 / 19

  56. Forms, CGI CGI at NADA ◮ Put your CGI program in your CGI dir at NADA (if it’s activated) /afs/nada.kth.se/public/www.student/cgibin/yourUserName/yourProgram ◮ Make sure that the file has execution rights chmod uo+x yourProgram cd /afs/nada.kth.se/public/www.student/cgi-bin/yourUserName/ fs setacl . system:anyuser rl ◮ You should first test your program without a browser Set the CGI variables by hand using setenv (csh) or export (bash) setenv QUERY_STRING a=b&c=d call yourProgram DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 15 / 19

  57. Forms, CGI CGI at NADA ◮ Put your CGI program in your CGI dir at NADA (if it’s activated) /afs/nada.kth.se/public/www.student/cgibin/yourUserName/yourProgram ◮ Make sure that the file has execution rights chmod uo+x yourProgram cd /afs/nada.kth.se/public/www.student/cgi-bin/yourUserName/ fs setacl . system:anyuser rl ◮ You should first test your program without a browser Set the CGI variables by hand using setenv (csh) or export (bash) setenv QUERY_STRING a=b&c=d call yourProgram ◮ When it works, test it with a browser http://cgi.student.nada.kth.se/cgibin/yourUserName/yourProgram DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 15 / 19

  58. Forms, CGI CGI at NADA ◮ Put your CGI program in your CGI dir at NADA (if it’s activated) /afs/nada.kth.se/public/www.student/cgibin/yourUserName/yourProgram ◮ Make sure that the file has execution rights chmod uo+x yourProgram cd /afs/nada.kth.se/public/www.student/cgi-bin/yourUserName/ fs setacl . system:anyuser rl ◮ You should first test your program without a browser Set the CGI variables by hand using setenv (csh) or export (bash) setenv QUERY_STRING a=b&c=d call yourProgram ◮ When it works, test it with a browser http://cgi.student.nada.kth.se/cgibin/yourUserName/yourProgram ◮ You can check the server error log and try to find your error between other people’s errors http://cgi.student.nada.kth.se/cgi-bin/get-errlog DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 15 / 19

  59. Forms, CGI A CGI example in PERL ◮ PERL = the Practical Extraction and Report Language DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 16 / 19

  60. Forms, CGI A CGI example in PERL ◮ PERL = the Practical Extraction and Report Language ◮ www.perl.com ◮ http://broadcast.oreilly.com/2008/09/ a-beginners-introduction-to-pe.html DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 16 / 19

  61. Forms, CGI A CGI example in PERL ◮ PERL = the Practical Extraction and Report Language ◮ www.perl.com ◮ http://broadcast.oreilly.com/2008/09/ a-beginners-introduction-to-pe.html ◮ An interpreted programming language inspired by C and shellscript (bash, csh) DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 16 / 19

  62. Forms, CGI A CGI example in PERL ◮ PERL = the Practical Extraction and Report Language ◮ www.perl.com ◮ http://broadcast.oreilly.com/2008/09/ a-beginners-introduction-to-pe.html ◮ An interpreted programming language inspired by C and shellscript (bash, csh) ◮ Available on many platforms but inspired by and started on Unix DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 16 / 19

  63. Forms, CGI A CGI example in PERL ◮ PERL = the Practical Extraction and Report Language ◮ www.perl.com ◮ http://broadcast.oreilly.com/2008/09/ a-beginners-introduction-to-pe.html ◮ An interpreted programming language inspired by C and shellscript (bash, csh) ◮ Available on many platforms but inspired by and started on Unix ◮ Very strong pattern matching DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 16 / 19

  64. Forms, CGI A CGI example in PERL ◮ PERL = the Practical Extraction and Report Language ◮ www.perl.com ◮ http://broadcast.oreilly.com/2008/09/ a-beginners-introduction-to-pe.html ◮ An interpreted programming language inspired by C and shellscript (bash, csh) ◮ Available on many platforms but inspired by and started on Unix ◮ Very strong pattern matching ◮ Easy to use e.g. to make a simple CGI DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 16 / 19

  65. Forms, CGI A CGI example in PERL ◮ PERL = the Practical Extraction and Report Language ◮ www.perl.com ◮ http://broadcast.oreilly.com/2008/09/ a-beginners-introduction-to-pe.html ◮ An interpreted programming language inspired by C and shellscript (bash, csh) ◮ Available on many platforms but inspired by and started on Unix ◮ Very strong pattern matching ◮ Easy to use e.g. to make a simple CGI ◮ But not for larger applications DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 16 / 19

  66. Forms, CGI A CGI example in PERL ◮ PERL = the Practical Extraction and Report Language ◮ www.perl.com ◮ http://broadcast.oreilly.com/2008/09/ a-beginners-introduction-to-pe.html ◮ An interpreted programming language inspired by C and shellscript (bash, csh) ◮ Available on many platforms but inspired by and started on Unix ◮ Very strong pattern matching ◮ Easy to use e.g. to make a simple CGI ◮ But not for larger applications ◮ We just illustrate the CGI principle with PERL DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 16 / 19

  67. Forms, CGI A CGI example in PERL ◮ PERL = the Practical Extraction and Report Language ◮ www.perl.com ◮ http://broadcast.oreilly.com/2008/09/ a-beginners-introduction-to-pe.html ◮ An interpreted programming language inspired by C and shellscript (bash, csh) ◮ Available on many platforms but inspired by and started on Unix ◮ Very strong pattern matching ◮ Easy to use e.g. to make a simple CGI ◮ But not for larger applications ◮ We just illustrate the CGI principle with PERL ◮ Java is not a good language to write CGI in, because CGI makes one process/HTTP access and a Java Virtual Machine has a large footprint (30 Meg) DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 16 / 19

  68. Forms, CGI A CGI example in PERL ◮ PERL = the Practical Extraction and Report Language ◮ www.perl.com ◮ http://broadcast.oreilly.com/2008/09/ a-beginners-introduction-to-pe.html ◮ An interpreted programming language inspired by C and shellscript (bash, csh) ◮ Available on many platforms but inspired by and started on Unix ◮ Very strong pattern matching ◮ Easy to use e.g. to make a simple CGI ◮ But not for larger applications ◮ We just illustrate the CGI principle with PERL ◮ Java is not a good language to write CGI in, because CGI makes one process/HTTP access and a Java Virtual Machine has a large footprint (30 Meg) ◮ Servlets are the solution in Java DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 16 / 19

  69. Forms, CGI A form to respond to <FORM ACTION="/cgi-bin/test.pl" METHOD="GET"> Write a message: <INPUT TYPE="text" NAME="message" SIZE=20 MAXLENGTH=40 VALUE=""> <INPUT TYPE = "submit" VALUE= "Send it!"> <INPUT TYPE= "reset" VALUE= "Remove it!" > </FORM> DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 17 / 19

  70. Forms, CGI Responding to a form in a PERL CGI #!/usr/local/bin/perl print "Content-type: text/html\\n\\n"; ## CGIs must print HTTP headers AND empty line! $REQUEST_METHOD = $ENV\{’REQUEST_METHOD’\}; $QUERY_STRING = $ENV\{’QUERY_STRING’\}; ## Reading environment variables if($REQUEST_METHOD ne "GET") \{ print"Sorry, i can only do <code>GET</code><br />Bye!"; exit(0); \} ($COMMAND, $MESSAGE) = split(/=/, $QUERY_STRING); ## Split the query string via PERL pattern matching. if($COMMAND eq "message") \{ print "<h1>You sent:</h1>"; print "Message: $MESSAGE"; exit(0); \} exit(0); DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 18 / 19

  71. Forms, CGI Dynamic Web content ◮ Content generated by CGI is different from normal HTTP serving DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 19 / 19

  72. Forms, CGI Dynamic Web content ◮ Content generated by CGI is different from normal HTTP serving ◮ It’s not a static file or image that’s being served DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 19 / 19

  73. Forms, CGI Dynamic Web content ◮ Content generated by CGI is different from normal HTTP serving ◮ It’s not a static file or image that’s being served ◮ Instead, a dynamic content is generated DD1335 (Lecture 5) Basic Internet Programming Spring 2010 19 / 19

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