Forest Carbon Partnership Facility Argentina ER-PIN Emissions Reductions in Subtropical Forests Thirteenth Meeting of the Carbon Fund (CF13) Brussels October 13-16, 2015
Argentina ER-PIN ER Program Idea Background/Context 280 million ha Forests 30 million ha Forest Cover 11% Emissions from Deforestation 109,8 million tCO 2 e Annual Deforestation Rate 1,02% 2
Argentina ER-PIN Program highlights Pre-investment of national budget funds provided by the Forest Law and WB Forest and Communities project Exceptional non-carbon benefits Chaco and Misiones provinces, totaling 12.94 million ha, are separated by a non-forest area Program Forest area covering 6 million ha, 20% of the forests at the national level. Average annual emissions in the project area of 13.10 million tCO2e Total emission reductions to achieve 27.425 million tCO2e The most significant national emission reduction program to date, including all sectors. The Program is designed as a pilot for the national scale and forms part of an integrated approach toward a wider goal. The Argentinian gov’t is committed to reducing its emission from deforestation as part of its climate action plan and INDCs. 3
Argentina ER-PIN Scale Subnational approach including two provinces, Misiones and Chaco, covering 6 million ha of forests, some 20% of the country forests. The area includes the most important forest ecosystems in the country Average annual deforestation in the area is 45 thousand hectares, around one quarter of the country average in the last decade. Approximately 25% of national total emissions from deforestation in the last decade. Chaco Misiones Annual 36,656 9,307 average deforestatio n (ha/yr) Forest at the 4.94 M 1.21 M beginning of the period (ha) Average 0.74% 0.76% annual deforestatio n rate
Argentina ER-PIN Country progress towards Readiness Component Present Status 2015 Goals 2016 Goals Reference Level Gather and analyze -1st draft based on historical data -Adjust and refine the historical information submitted to UNFCCC reference level -Monitoring of forest cover - Forest degradation protocol - Institutionalization of MRV National System of and forest inventory - Establishment of the GHG Forest Monitoring Inventory Unit - SESA work plan validated -Preliminary guidelines for SIS - SIS established Safeguards - Analysis of risks and legal - Establishment of an expert - SESA finalized and institutional framework group on safeguards - ESMF established - Preliminary definition of - Pilot Grievance Mechanism - Grievance mechanism methodological guidelines established established for the ESMF. -Preliminary guidelines for ESMF -Assessment of land tenure and resource rights Strategic guidelines and Technical inputs and studies Strategic options National Strategy studies defined finalized established Evaluation of financial Financial mechanism options Pilot financial mechanism instruments begun formulated for benefit distribution Public information platform Establishment of REDD+ registry Public information platform established finalized ERPD and final version of Readiness Package expected in October 2017. 5
Argentina ER-PIN Political commitment Institutional Agreements Economy and Finance Foundations of the Forest Upfront investment Intersectoral institutional Ministry Involvement Monitoring National provided by Forest Law agreement between in the Executive System established and and the Forest and Environment (SAyDS) and working Communities WB Project Agriculture (MINAGRI). Committee Participation and consultation 39 workshops, Legal framework and Agreement on A multi-stakeholder protocol for access to Participation and 945 participants Advisory Committee environmental public consultation protocol for More than 100 Civil Society has been established information Indigenous Peoples and IP organizations Forest Law: National Investment Fund Recently passed Forest Law $15.5 million invested in target 2.497 conservation and USD327M investment (2010- obligates minimum % of area forests 2009-2014; another sustainable forest management 2014). Incorporated into national budget and export $15 million annually expected plans National Budget. taxes for forest conservation from loans and national and 5 million ha and restoration provincial programs
Argentina ER-PIN Drivers and proposed program activities STATE Drivers Underlying Strategic Actions at the national causes options level • Incentives for Tobacco Poor forest Strengthening Forest growing practices, sustainable agricultura Law application, • Promoting intensive Cattle Unsustainable land Strengthening the MISIONES raising uses, production practices Forest Investment Fund, • Forest conservation Illegal Lack of incentives, Implementation of an logging incentives early warning system for Rural immigration deforestation (field and • Land use regulation/ online satellite Soy Weak governance, zoning technology), cultivation Tenure problems, • Elimination of Coordination with Cattle CHACO perverse/ deforestation Ministry of Agriculture raising Demand for incentives and provincial agriculture land, agricultural agencies. International 7 markets
Argentina ER-PIN Reference Level • Based on changes in forest cover; degradation not included Period Deforestation (ha) Chaco Misiones 2002-2006 127492 62412 2006-2011 168590 34335 2011-2013 107144 5614 Total 403,226 102,361 Annual avg. 36,656 9,306 Prov. Ann. Abovegrd Biomass:C Emissions C to Annual Total deforn. biomass conversion factor CO 2 e (MT CO 2 e/y) (ha/y) (T/ha) (T C/ha) Chaco 36,656 129 0.5 64.5 3.67 8.68 Misiones 9,306 259 0.5 129.5 3.67 4.42 Total 45,962 13.10 8
Argentina ER-PIN Emission Reductions Generated Avg. emission reductions (ER): 5.48 MTCO2e/yr (48%) Avg. ER offered to CF: 65% (50% of Misiones ER, 85% of Chaco ER) Ann. Annual Emission 5 yr ER ER offered to Province 10 yr ER Deforn. emissions reduction 2018-2022 CF 2018-2028 2002- (MTCO 2 e/y) (%) (M TCO 2 e) (MTCO 2 e/5y) (M TCO 2 e) 2012 (ha) Chaco 36,656 8.68 25% 10.85 9.22 21.7 Misiones 9,306 4.42 75% 16.575 8.29 33.15 Total 45,962 13.10 27.425 17.51 54.85 9
Argentina ER-PIN Non-carbon benefits Non-carbon benefit Potential indicator Environmental Biodiversity and viable * Deforestation and forest degradation populations * Habitat fragmentation * Increase of Protected Natural Areas Ecosystem service s * Indicator species (e.g. Yaguareté - Panthera onca) Hydrological cycle * Water Quality: Sediment load in major watercourses; agrochemical and bacterial pollution in runoff. Erosion/floods reduced * Number and severity of floods / mudslides Social Improved quality of life * Income of communities of local populations * Access to basic services * Human Development Index, * % population under the poverty line Governance * Area of illegal deforestation * Full implementation of the Forest Fund as provided by Forest Law 26.331: Forest Fund resources accessed by the program provinces * Forest Law offenders data base implemented 10
Argentina ER-PIN Diversity and learning value Misiones • Strong possibility to achieve zero net deforestation due to government leadership, ambitious goals, and buy-in by local population • Unique and highly threatened forest • Opportunity to extend results to Paraguay and Brazil Chaco • High learning value for confronting export commodities via public- private sector alliances • Opportunity to extend results to second largest forest formation in South America Together • Inter-provincial diversity provides learning opportunities related to diverse REDD+ interventions under a federal government system • Marshalling of cross-sectoral involvement, financial commitment, and the early involvement of key actors on large (country-sized) scale 11
Argentina ER-PIN Questions and Answers Jurisdiction selection? Chaco and Misiones provinces, totaling 12.94 million ha, are separated by a non-forest area. They are complementary in that Misiones “balances” Chaco in terms of risk and institutional preparation and presents the opportunity for an early victory. Concentration on the Chaco eco- region is equivalent to a national program and is too large and complicated. Expectations of improved governance? A principal objective of the ER-PD is to improve the targeting, efficiency, transparency and monitoring of forest conservation incentives. Are MTR and RPP time lines realistic? The technical work of Readiness funded by UNREDD+ is advancing despite delays in the signing of the FCPF grant agreement. REDD+ consultation and ER Program involvement? All entities mentioned in section 1.2 have been involved in REDD+ consultations and key personal of the institutions have been consulted re: ERP. Participation of cattle, soybean, and forestry representatives in the CAR? All are represented and it is hoped that their representation will increase. Start-up funding gaps? Potential sources are public or international funds. Estimates presented are conservative and more funds may be available depending on how program funding and loans are apportioned among provinces. 12
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