Feedstock Densification and Supply Management Incorporating Depots - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Feedstock Densification and Supply Management Incorporating Depots (Storage of Wood Pellets) Fahimeh Yazdanpanah Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of British Columbia

Biomass and Bioenergy Research Group UBC biomass gasifier Biomass engineering lab Biomass logistics modeling Torrefaction Biomass dryer Wood pellet storage Hammer mill

Woody and Herbaceous Pellet Samples Wheat straw Aspen Douglas fir Switchgrass Corn Stover Miscanthus

 Associated problems and challenges CO,CO 2 ,CH 4 Aldehydes and o Off-gassing (condensable & non-condensable) Ketones, Terpenes, Carboxylic acids o Oxygen depletion o Self-heating o Dust explosion Fire happened in a wood pellet silo (Melin, 2008)

½ Inch Diameter T Thermocouple sensors Gas Sampling Port (G0-G13) Pressure Pressure Transducers Transducers 2ft 2ft 1ft (P0-P6) 1ft (P0-P6) 1ft G0 1ft 1ft G1 P6 P6 1ft 12.5' 1ft 12.5' T29 T28 T27 T26 T25 G2 1ft 1ft G3 P5 10.5' 1ft P5 1ft 10.5' T24 T23 T22 T21 T20 G4 1ft 1ft G5 P4 8.5' 1ft P4 8.5' 1ft T19 T18 T17 T16 T15 G6 15ft 15ft 1ft 1ft G7 P3 1ft 6.5' P3 6.5' 1ft T14 T13 T12 T11 T10 G8 1ft 1ft G9 P2 4.5' 1ft P2 4.5' 1ft T9 T8 T7 T6 T5 G10 1ft 1ft G11 P1 1ft 2.5' P1 2.5' 1ft G12 1ft 1ft P0 G13 P0 0.5' 1ft 0.5' 1ft

3D ANALYSIS OF LONGITUDINAL DISTRIBUTION OF OXYGEN . 8 1 3.0 0.000 0.000 1.6 0.2000 Concentration (%) 0.4000 0.4000 1.4 Concentration (%) 2.5 0.8000 0.6000 1.200 1.2 0.8000 1.600 2.0 1.000 . 0 1 2.000 1.200 0.8 2.400 1.400 1.5 2.800 1.600 6 . 0 3.200 1.800 1.0 0.4 2.000 4.0 10 3 2 . 5 0 . 20 3.0 4 . 0 Time (day) 2.5 0 0 1 3.5 3 ) 2.0 m ( 20 3 40 . 0 t 1 h . 5 g Time (days) 2.5 i e 30 Height (m) 50 1.0 H 2.0 0.5 0 4 1.5 0 6 1.0 50 0.5 60 0.16 0.000 0.000 0 . 1 4 0 2 0.02000 2.000 Concentration (%) 0.12 4.000 1 5 0.04000 6.000 ) % 1 0 0.06000 0 . 8.000 10 ( 10.00 0.08000 n 8 . 0 0 o 12.00 i 5 0.1000 t a 14.00 0.06 r t 16.00 0.1200 n 0 e 18.00 0.04 c 0.1400 n 20.00 -5 o 0.02 C -10 4.0 4 . 10 0 3 . 3.5 5 20 3.0 3 . 0 ) Time (day) 0 2.5 -15 m 3 2.5 ) ( m 2.0 t 0 h 40 ( 2 g t . h 10 0 i 1 e g . 5 i H e 0 50 H 1 . 2 5 1.0 0 3 Time (days) 1 0.5 . 60 0 40 50 0 . 5 60

TEMPERATURE EFFECT ON OXYGEN DEPLETION CO 2 Concentration CH 4 Concentration Temperature (C1M) 4.0 4.0 2.0 21.9 4.0 0.0 0.10 0.0 17.0 22.6 21.9 3.5 3.5 0.14 17.7 0.40 23.3 0.020 3.5 1.2 0.040 2.4 18.4 21.9 3.0 3.0 0.80 21.2 0.040 19.1 3.0 21.2 1.2 1.6 Height (m) 0.12 19.8 2.5 2.5 Height (m) 2.8 0.060 Height (m) 2.5 20.5 1.6 2.0 0.14 2.0 0.080 21.2 1.6 0.10 2.0 22.6 2.0 21.9 2.0 0.080 0.10 1.5 1.5 2.4 22.6 21.9 2.0 0.12 1.5 2.8 23.3 2.8 1.0 1.0 1.6 24.0 0.14 21.2 3.2 0.060 1.0 20.5 0.5 0.5 2.4 24.7 2.8 18.4 19.1 19.8 19.8 19.8 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 20 30 40 50 60 Time (day) Time (day) Time (day) CO Concentration O 2 Concentration Relative Humidity (C1M) 32.0 1.6 4.0 4.0 31.0 4.0 30.0 0.0 30.0 1.4 1.4 30.0 23.0 0.0 18 2.0 0.0 29.0 2.0 24.0 3.5 3.5 0.20 0.0 3.5 31.0 14 25.0 4.0 28.0 4.0 2.0 0.40 32.0 32.0 29.0 30.0 3.0 3.0 26.0 6.0 27.0 6.0 3.0 0.60 4.0 1.2 27.0 20 8.0 0.80 Height (m) 2.0 0.0 Height (m) 25.0 Height (m) 2.5 1.6 2.5 28.0 10 1.6 4.0 2.5 1.0 26.0 0.60 1.0 29.0 12 2.0 8.0 0.0 2.0 30.0 1.2 2.0 14 0.0 31.0 27.0 20 1.4 1.5 1.5 16 2.0 32.0 0.0 4.0 1.5 0.80 1.6 18 10 4.0 4.0 33.0 28.0 1.0 0.0 1.0 1.8 20 26.0 34.0 4.0 1.0 12 2.0 0.0 35.0 0.5 0.5 4.0 0.80 1.2 16 25.0 10 20 30 40 50 60 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 10 20 30 40 50 60 Time (days) Time (days) Time (day)

SMALL SCALE EXPERI MENTS o Temperature, moisture, oxygen availability (creating oxygen free environment), relative humidity, storage duration

SUMMARY Research that would result in supply of high quality pellets at a competitive price o would be a key to developing and maintaining new export and domestic markets for Canadian produced wood pellets. The Canadian forest industry will be the primary beneficiary of this research. The o benefit will be through lessening the potential for economic loss either in materials or in un-intentional harm to people who work with wood pellets. Need to develop mathematical relations to represent forced and natural o ventilation processes with respect to bed porosity, temperature and relative humidity for storages. Further study is needed to implement the first automated ventilation system.

Acknowledgements  BiofuelNet  Wood Pellets Association Canada (WPAC)  Natural Sciences and Engineering Research council of Canada (NSERC)  Premium Pellet Ltd. and Fibreco Export Inc.  OPI Integris  Biomass and Bioenergy Research Group

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