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EVOLUTIONARY ARCHITECTURE @patkua 1 Who is @thoughtworks Who is - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jun 12, 2023 •316 likes •1.42k views

EVOLUTIONARY ARCHITECTURE @patkua 1 Who is @thoughtworks Who is @patkua #architect #author #developer #facilitator #leader #lifelong-learner tiny.cc/twtl tiny.cc/retros #coach #speaker Evolutionary Architecture Neal Ford Rebecca

  1. EVOLUTIONARY ARCHITECTURE @patkua 1

  2. Who is @thoughtworks

  3. Who is @patkua #architect #author #developer #facilitator #leader #lifelong-learner tiny.cc/twtl tiny.cc/retros #coach #speaker

  4. Evolutionary Architecture Neal Ford Rebecca Parsons (Meme Wrangler) (ThoughtWorks CTO) Patrick Kua (Technical Principal) Photos by Martin Fowler: http://martinfowler.com/albums/ThoughtWorkers/

  5. Introductions If you haven’t done so, please introduce yourself the people around you - you will be working in pairs • Name • Role/Title • Company/Institution • Background

  6. STICKY-SESSION What is one thing you want to get out of this talk? COLLECT THESE ON FLIPCHARTS

  7. EVOLUTION

  8. CHA NGE … is inevitable

  9. CHA NGE Technical Domain

  10. Technical Programming languages Libraries Frameworks Tools Operating environments Technical constraints

  11. CHA NGE Technical Domain

  12. Domain Revenue models Base technology adoption Competitors Customer needs Markets Products

  13. CHA NGE … is inevitable

  14. CHA NGE If then … is inevitable

  17. ?

  18. CASE STUDY 18

  19. Customer case study

  20. Customer case study

  21. WHAT IF… We architected a system speci fi cally for change?

  22. DEFINITION Our current working version

  23. DEFINITION An evolutionary architecture supports continual and incremental change as a fi rst principle along multiple dimensions

  24. But our architecture already supports change!

  25. or does it?

  26. Example Architectural Patterns Big Ball of Mud Layered Architecture Microkernel Microservices

  27. How do each of these architectures support change (Technical + Domain) Big Ball of Mud Layered Architecture Microkernel Microservices

  28. Big ball of mud classes DIMENSIONS: 0 coupling connections

  29. Layered architecture PRESENTATION COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT BUSINESS COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT PERSISTENCE COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT DATABASE DIMENSIONS: 1

  30. Layered architecture request PRESENTATION COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT BUSINESS COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT PERSISTENCE COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT DATABASE DIMENSIONS: 1

  31. Layered architecture request PRESENTATION COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT BUSINESS COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT SERVICE COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT PERSISTENCE COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT DATABASE DIMENSIONS: 1

  32. Layered architecture MVC

  33. Microkernel PLUGIN PLUGIN CORE PLUGIN PLUGIN SYSTEM PLUGIN PLUGIN DIMENSIONS: 1

  34. Microkernel

  35. DOMAIN SHIFT 35

  36. Layered architecture PRESENTATION COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT BUSINESS COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT PERSISTENCE COMPONENT COMPONENT COMPONENT DATABASE DOMAIN DIMENSIONS: 0

  37. Microservices CLIENT REQUESTS CLIENT REQUESTS CLIENT REQUESTS API CUSTOMER USER/ROLE ACCOUNT PRODUCT INVENTORY FULFILLMENT MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE MODULE DIMENSIONS: N

  38. DEFINITION An evolutionary architecture supports continual and incremental change as a fi rst principle along multiple dimensions

  39. PRINCIPLES

  40. Technical Domain Does not dictate schedule Matches business capabilities Supports fast feedback Enables experimentation Appropriate coupling Decentralised governance Iterative Fitness function

  41. Fitness function

  42. NFRs Fitness function CFRs Quality Attributes IMPORTANT UNIMPORTANT Strong audit trail Large # of users Low response time Heavy legal compliance Availability Mobile responsive Internationalisation & Localisation Monitoring

  43. NFRs Fitness function CFRs Quality Attributes IMPORTANT UNIMPORTANT Strong audit trail Large # of users Low response time Internationalisation & Localisation Availability Heavy legal compliance Mobile responsive Monitoring

  44. NFRs Fitness function CFRs Quality Attributes Metrics Tests

  45. NFRs Fitness function CFRs Quality Attributes Metrics Tests There are known knowns

  46. There are known knowns There are known unknowns But there are also unknown unknowns - Donald Rumsfeld

  47. Generations 6 months 3 months 1 month daily?

  48. Generations = Cycle time Time taken to get a single change into production repeatably reliably

  49. Generations = Cycle time

  50. Conway’s Law organisations which design systems ... are constrained to produce designs which are copies of the communication structures of these organisations - Melvin Conway, 1968 en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conway%27s_law

  51. Conway’s Law Side Effect UI Specialists Middleware Specialists DBAs

  52. Monolith’s vs Microservices

  53. user interface server-side DBA

  54. Orders Shipping Catalog

  55. Inverse conway manoeuvre Orders Shipping Catalog

  56. Inverse conway manoeuvre …organised around business capabilities cross-functional teams… Because Conway’ s Law!

  57. DDD’s “bounded context” …physically realised

  58. Products, not projects projects: products: ‘s “You build it, you run it”

  59. Last responsible moment complexity time

  60. Last responsible moment

  61. Last responsible moment

  62. Last responsible moment Ports and Adapters Domain Adapters

  63. Last responsible moment

  64. Last responsible moment this is not an excuse to abstract all the things!

  65. Sense and probe over

  66. Last responsible moment Architectural Spikes

  67. Bring the pain forward

  68. Bring the pain forward deployment pipelines continuous integration database migrations/ refactoring automation

  69. Principle driven architecture over

  70. PUTTING IT INTO PRACTICE

  71. Architecture is abstract until operationalised view React React v0.14 v0.14 view view controller CustomerInfo CustomerInfo controller controller 4.3.1 4.3.1 model Customer Customer model model 1.3.5 1.3.5 ORM Hibernate Hibernate Hibernate 4.3.11 5.1.0 ORM ORM DB PostgreSQL 9.4 PostgreSQL 9.4 nealford.com/memeagora/2015/03/30/architecture_is_abstract_until_operationalized.html

  72. Evolving your architecture Architect Develop Release

  73. Evolving your architecture Architect Develop Release

  74. Evolving your architecture Architect Re fl ect Develop Release

  75. Evolving your architecture Architect Re fl ect Develop Release Cycle time = constraint

  76. ENABLING CHANGE Foster architectural thinking

  77. ENABLING CHANGE Foster architectural thinking with ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS

  78. ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS

  79. ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS Design decision Tool … Implementation

  80. ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS ? … ?

  81. ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS …

  82. ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS

  83. ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS …

  84. ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS

  85. ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS

  86. ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS

  87. ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS

  88. ARCHITECTURAL BRIEFINGS Everyone becomes an Architect

  89. Think like a town planner

  90. Development practices that help Continuous Delivery Cross Functional Teams Early identi fi cation of fi tness functions Architectural brie fi ngs Spikes Review fi tness functions Tracer bullet deployments Feature Toggles Branch by abstraction

  91. CHOOSING STYLES

  92. Build Buy

  93. Build Buy

  94. Build Buy and/or

  95. Build Buy and/or Custom COTS or Libraries Frameworks code Software Products Functionality

  96. Build Buy and/or Functionality Custom COTS or Libraries Frameworks code Software Products Ability to change

  97. High Best fi t Experimental Strategic Value generating Commodity Support Low Low Need for rapid change High

  98. Things that prevent change Coupling Cohesion Slow feedback cycles

  99. Cohesion Functional Sequential Informational Procedural Temporal Logical Coincidental

  100. TRAPS

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