European Commission EU transport policy and infrastructure development Jan Scherp, DG TREN Berlin, October 2006 Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication
European Transport Planning and Policy Trans-European Transport Network (TEN-T) Maastricht Treaty 1993 Christophersen (Essen Projects) 1994 TI NA (Transport I nfrastructure Needs Assessment) 1995 Guidelines (incl. Revision 2001) 1996 Van Miert (Priority Projects) 2003 Revision of Guidelines 2004 Pan European Corridors 1994 and supporting studies High Level Group I I „Wider Europe“ 2004 Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 2
Essen priority projects Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 3
Towards a Pan-European Transport Network The concept of the Corridors was defined at the 2nd Pan-European Transport Conference in Crete in 1994; 9 Corridors have been established. At the 3rd Pan-European Transport Conference in Helsinki in 1997, Corridor X, which serves the Balkan Area was added Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 4
Pan European Corridors Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 5
The objective of the TI NA process Definition of the future Trans-European Transport Infrastructure Network in the enlarged European Union, using the criteria of the decision 1692/96/EC on Community guidelines for the development of the TEN This includes the following tasks: § to define the outline of the multi-modal TINA Network; § to estimate construction costs per mode, section and country; § to monitor the network development through an assessment of the reported possible investment measures, fine-tuning them into concrete projects. Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 6
Decisions of the European Council and the European Parliament New trans-European transport network (TEN-T) guidelines and financial rules Decision of April 2004 adopted the guidelines 1692/96 Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 7
Policy context � Enlargement as from 1st May 2004 � Higher requirements for modal rebalancing and intermodality � Growth initiatives to stimulate economy � Strengthen the internal market dynamics Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 8
Investments in transport infrastructure in % GDP EU-15 3.00 2.50 2.00 1980-86 1.50 1987-93 1994-2001 1.00 0.50 0.00 Belgium Finland Ireland Austria Denmark France Germany Greece Italy Luxembourg Netherlands Portugal Spain Sweden UK Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 9
Investments in transport per mode in 2000 – 2003 in billion Euro 80,00 70,00 EU-15 60,00 50,00 40,00 30,00 20,00 10,00 0,00 RAIL ROAD AIRPORT PORT IW W 2000 and 2001 2002 and 2003 Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 10
Investments in transport per investor in 2002 – 2003 in % TEN -T budget ISPA EU-15 ERD F Cohesion F und 1,4% 1,3% 1,2% 3,7% E IB 11,5% National budget & private sources 80,8% Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 11
Evaluation of past TEN-T policy � Progress mainly on domestic sections � 50 % of the rail network not completed in 2010 � Only 36 % of investments decided in 1994 in Essen are done � Delays affect primarily transnational links and their cross-border sections � Main problems : opening up to competition of networks longer than expected, difficult cross- border co-ordination, scarce funding Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 12
Commission’s proposals The new TEN-T policy � To modify Decision 1692/96/EC on the TEN-T guidelines � To modify EC Regulation 2236/95 laying down rules for granting aids to TEN � Define Priority Axis/Projects, based on the report of the High Level group Van Miert � Part of a comprehensive strategy : growth initiative, financial perspectives Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 13
Objectives for the new TEN-T European priorities targeted by focussing investments l on 30 priority projects on main trans-national axes Sustainability addressed by giving priority to rail, l intermodality and Motorways of the Sea Organisational means improved to facilitate co- l ordination of funding and implementation of projects along the major axes Financial framework adapted to enable concentration l and target bottlenecks at border crossings Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 14
Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 15
New organisational means l European Co-ordinators to advise project promoters on financing and evaluation methods and dialogue with operators and other stakeholders l Declaration of European Interest – Integrated, even joint evaluation procedures for cross-border projects, concentrated and combined financing etc. Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 16
Financing the TEN-T: Costs of realisation of full network is € 600 billion l to be completed by 2020 € 250 billion of which for the priority projects l (80% for Railway and Inland waterway Projects) Sources of funding: l � National funding � European funding (TEN-budget, ERDF, Cohesion Fund) � EIB loans � Private sector � Direct user contribution - charging - important Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 17
Community budget The article 19a of the Guidelines Decision proposes to concentrate TEN budget, Cohesion fund, ISPA and Structural Funds on the projects declared of European Interest by asking Member States to give an appropriate priority in their application for funding. Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 18
Community budget a) Modification of Regulation 2236/95 � allows financing rate up to 20 % of the cost for the cross-border sections of any of the projects declared of European Interest � introduces pluriannual budget commitments, which will guarantee support to investors, as currently practised by other financial instruments b) Commission proposal � Considerable increase of the TEN-T budget to 20,35 billion for the period 2007-2013 was proposed by TREN - but the parliament and council only accepted about 8 billion Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 19
Community budget for TEN-T contribution of EU regional funds Total budget for 2007-2013: 308,04 Billion Euro Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 20
Community budget for TEN-T contribution of EU regional funds . 251,2 bill. = 81,5% 177,1 bill. = 70,5% 12,5 bill. = 5,0% 61,6 bill. = 24,5% Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 21
The High Level Group II “Wider Europe” - Background Ministerial meeting “Wider Europe for � Transport” in Santiago de Compostella in June 2004, organised by the Commission and European Parliament European Neighbourhood and Partnership � Policy launched in preparation of the financial perspectives 2007-2013 Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 22
The High Level Group Background New political and geographical context: § On 29 April 2004, adoption of the guidelines for TEN-T networks for the EU15 with a strong link to the territory of EU27 § Accession of 10 new Member states on 1 May 2004 Need to integrate regional exercises into a coherent framework: § Pan-European Corridors and Areas mostly in EU territory § TRACECA (Transport Corridor Europe-Caucasus-Asia) § Euro Mediterranean regional transport programme § South East European MoU signed in 2004 Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 23
The Group’s methodology Key for success: agreement upon a clear and rigorous methodology from the outset of the work Step 1: Criteria for identifying major axes l International trade and traffic flows (current and forecast), existing international agreements, regional cooperation and integration Step 2: Criteria for selecting priority projects l Political and financial commitment of country, economic profitability and environmental sustainability Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 24
The Group’s recommendations • 5 major axes identified that contribute most to international exchanges and regional integration; • Almost 100 infrastructure projects put forward along the 5 axes; • > 20 “horizontal” measures were proposed to remove technical, organisational and other barriers along the axes; • Total cost of measures approximately 45 bill. €, of which 35 bill. € needed by 2020 Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication 25
Directorate general for Energy and Transport Information and communication
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