CERN-ACC-SLIDES-2016-0021 EuCARD-2 Enhanced European Coordination for Accelerator Research & Development Presentation Latest developments and challenges in developing Coated Conductor magnets for accelerators within EuCARD-2 Goldacker, W (KIT) et al 11 September 2016 The EuCARD-2 Enhanced European Coordination for Accelerator Research & Development project is co-funded by the partners and the European Commission under Capacities 7th Framework Programme, Grant Agreement 312453. This work is part of EuCARD-2 Work Package 10: Future Magnets (MAG) . The electronic version of this EuCARD-2 Publication is available via the EuCARD-2 web site <http://eucard2.web.cern.ch/> or on the CERN Document Server at the following URL: <http://cds.cern.ch/search?p=CERN-ACC-SLIDES-2016-0021> CERN-ACC-SLIDES-2016-0021
High-temperature superconductors towards applications at SUPRA group, Institute for Technical Physics Karlsruhe Institute of Technology A. Kario, A. Kudymow, A. Kling, A. Jung, F. Grilli, S. Otten, B. Ringsdorf, B. Runtsch, R. Nast, S. Strauss, U. Walschburger, J. Willms, A. Godfrin, R. Gyuraki, H. Wu, S. I. Schlachter, W. Goldacker M. Vojenciak, SAV Institute of Electrical Engineering D. van der Laan, Advanced Conductor Technologies EuCARD 2 Project, WP10 Partners (listed in part 5)
Conductor Outline: 1. Institute for Technical Physics – Introduction 2. HTS – coated conductor materials Applications Engineering 3. Examples of coated conductor applications at SUPRA 4. Engineering of Coated Conductor towards Cables low AC loss 5. Roebel Coated Conductor cable in EuCARD 2 – future magnets program Coils
Karlsruhe Institute of Technology - Campus North: 3800 Staff (1400 Scientists) 3800 Staff (1400 Scientists) 27 Scientific Institutes 27 Scientific Institutes Interdisciplinary Research Programmes Interdisciplinary Research Programmes Budget 2006: 305 Mio. € Budget 2006: 305 Mio. € 1.5 km 1.5 km 1 km 1 km Institute for Technical Physics Decommissioning Nuclear Plants Decommissioning Nuclear Plants Budget 2006: 80 Mio. € Budget 2006: 80 Mio. €
Institute for Technical Physics: Institute directors: Prof. Mathias Noe Prof. Bernhard Holzapfel • Fusion magnet technology (Dr. Walter Fietz) • Vacuum technology (Dr. Christian Day) • Superconducting materials and energy applications (Dr. Wilfried Goldacker) • High field magnets and special magnet systems (Dr. Theo Schneider) • Cryogenics (Dr. Holger Neumann) • Tritium technology (Dr. Beate Bornschein)
Department: Superconductor developments and energy applications Head: W. Goldacker (S. I. Schlachter) High current cables, DEMO, CERN Dipole- magnet cable Conductors, cables and ITER- loops (magnets) structure materials, Lab. SULEILA, VATESTA filaments, structures in HTS W. Goldacker, S. I. Schlachter composites, structure New codes, materials models Microscopy, chemistry AC losses, stability, and structure analyses numerical modelling A. Jung SUPRA F. Grilli Applications in energy Superconducting technology materials W. Goldacker J. Hänisch FCL, transformer, BASF cooperation powerline, generators etc. PLD, CSD – RE BCO HVDC components, key MgB 2 , iron-SC experiments
High-temperature superconductors towards applications (part of SUPRA):
Conductor Outline: 1. Institute for Technical Physics – Introduction 2. HTS – coated conductor materials Applications Engineering 3. Examples of coated conductor applications at SUPRA 4. Engineering of Coated Conductor towards Cables low AC loss 5. Roebel Coated Conductor cable in EuCARD 2 – future magnets program Coils
Superconducting materials for applications: P. Lee. The expanded ASC “Plots” page. 2014. URL: http://fs.magnet.fsu.edu/ ~lee/plot/plot.htm.
Coated conductor architecture: • Template – metallic substrate coated with a multifunctional oxide barrier • Biaxial texturing – within < 3° is needed to overcome the grain boundary problem C. Senatore, Plenary talk: ‘’30 years of HTS Status and perspectives’’, ASC 2016, Denver Top view 30 – 100 µm substrate: Hastelloy C-276 or stainless steel superpower-inc.com
Coated conductor preparation routes: 1. Substrate preparation RABiTS – Rolling-Assisted, Biaxial Textured Substrates (NiW substrate is textured) IBAD – Ion Beam Assisted Deposition (polycrystalline Hastelloy, biaxial textured MgO) superpower- inc.com 2. RE BCO preparation Physical routes: PLD – Pulsed Laser Deposition RCE Reactive Co-Evaporation Chemical routes: MOD Metal-Organic Deposition MOCVD Metal-Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition
Conductor Outline: 1. Institute for Technical Physics – Introduction 2. HTS – coated conductor materials Applications Engineering 3. Examples of coated conductor applications at SUPRA 4. Engineering of Coated Conductor towards Cables low AC loss 5. Roebel Coated Conductor cable in EuCARD 2 – future magnets program Coils
COMBIT - communication blackout mitigation Communication interruption due to attenuation and/or reflection of radio waves by plasma layer that is created during hypersonic or re-entry flight Courtesy of A. Gülhan, DLR Cologne, Joint Research Proposal, Helmholtz Russia Joint Research Group • Loss of communication with ground stations or satellites including GPS signals, data telemetry, and voice communication • Examples:
COMBIT - Angular field dependence of critical current: 140 I c self field 120 B _|_ Magnetic B field 100 strength B || in the 80 magnet I c (A) 200 mT 60 40 500 mT 20 I c COMBIT-Coil T = 77 K 0 -90 -45 0 45 90 135 180 225 270 Angle (°) -0.1450 -0.3580 -0.1800 -0.07625 -0.3131 -0.1166 20 20 20 -0.007500 -0.2682 -0.05313 0.06125 -0.2234 0.01031 0.1300 -0.1785 0.07375 10 0.1988 10 -0.1336 10 0.1372 0.2675 -0.08875 0.2006 0.3362 -0.04387 0.2641 0.4050 1.000E-03 0.3275 Y (mm) Y (mm) Y (mm) 0 0 0 0.4737 0.04587 0.3909 0.5425 0.09075 0.4544 0.6112 0.1356 0.5178 0.6800 0.1805 0.5813 -10 -10 -10 0.7487 0.2254 0.6447 0.8175 0.2702 0.7081 0.8862 0.3151 0.7716 0.9550 0.3600 0.8350 -20 -20 -20 B|| (T) B (T) B -30° (T) -30 -20 -30 -20 -30 -20 I = 26.6 A I = 26.6 A I = 26.6 A X (mm) X (mm) X (mm) B ||, max = 0.955 T B , max = 0.36 T B -30°, max = 0.835 T
COMBIT - HTS magnet and produced field: 160 0.02 Current 140 120 0.01 Magnet Voltage (V) 10 mm Current (A) 100 Voltage 80 0.00 60 40 -0.01 20 0 -0.02 16:20 16:30 16:40 16:50 17:00 17:10 17:20 Time (hh:mm)
1MVA-Transformer Project KIT-ABB: S. Hellmann, M. Noe • Primary winding: 20 kV RMS / 28.87 A RMS (warm, copper) • Secondary winding: 1 kV RMS / 577.35 A RMS (2G HTS) • B max in iron-core = 1.5 T, 77 K, LN 2 (normal pressure) • Solenoid, one layer winding (tweens back-to-back), 4 mm, SuNAM and SuperPower SCS4050, Cu-plated
SmartCoil – current limiter: Cryostat with vacuum-isolation Current in the reactance coil Cooling medium LN 2 - 77K normal pressure shortcut coil reactance coil Magnetic field by nominal current (600 A RMS ) • Nominal voltage U nom 5.77 kV RMS • Current limiting time 100 msec Quelle: GVB SmartCoil • 80 ... 95 short-cut 2G HTS-rings (D=1.2 m) • Soldered contacts
SmartCoil – current limiter: Conductor tests: • Superpower SCS12100 und SCS12050 (1 m piece in 2 short-cuted rings) • STI (1 m piece in 2 short-cuted rings) • SuNAM (1 m piece in 2 short-cuted rings) • THEVA (1 m piece) Quelle: GVB SmartCoil
3S – ‘‘SupraStromSchiene‘‘ - superconducting current rail: Modular construction and exchangeable rail system: • I N,DC = ~20 kA • Test length = 25 m • Operation temperature: 65 -70 K Source: 3S-Meeting; Integration of the demonstrator in chlorine electrolyse BASF, Ludwigshafen
Conductor Outline: 1. Institute for Technical Physics – Introduction 2. HTS – coated conductor materials Applications Engineering 3. Examples of coated conductor applications at SUPRA 4. Engineering of Coated Conductor towards Cables low AC loss 5. Roebel Coated Conductor cable in EuCARD 2 – future magnets program Coils
Engineering of low AC loss conductors and cables: 1. Applications with time varying magnetic fields: • Reduction of AC losses (filaments) �� � � � � � � � � � � � � � � Analytic solution for single strip: E.H. Brandt (Phys. Rev. B vol.48 no.17, 1993) � � � 2 � ln�cosh���� � tanh ��� • Most often need a stabilizer (copper) 2. Challenge: CORC • Filaments with small deterioration of critical current • Low losses with high number of filaments • Application of coated conductors into cable structure
Engineering of low AC loss conductors: 1. SAE - Striated After Electroplating 2. SBE Striated Before Electroplating
AC loss of Ag cap coated conductor after oxidation: Top View Cross-section • LN 2 , calibration free method • 12, 72 Hz, SuperOx IFW Dresden, J. Scheiter
AC loss of coated conductor with 5 an 10 μm Cu stabilisation: 5 mi SBE Top View IFW Dresden, J. Scheiter �� �,��� • LN 2 , calibration free method ��� �,�� • SuperOx
Transverse resistance and possible resistive current path across conductor: • 10 filaments • SAE & SBE • 5 & 10 µm-Cu • 77 K
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