Equation of State Effects on the Birth of Compact Objects Andr da - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Equation of State Effects on the Birth of Compact Objects André da Silva Schneider E. O’Connor, A. Betranhandy and S. Zha (Stockholm University) Compact Objects for All . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lund, Sweden

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Phase-diagram Figures by Lavrik, FRIB, CERN, Gandolfi, Demorest, NICER, NASA GSFC & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab, Ott, and Kamiokande/IMB/Baskan

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Phase-diagram Figures by Lavrik, FRIB, CERN, Gandolfi, Demorest, NICER, NASA GSFC & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab, Ott, and Kamiokande/IMB/Baskan

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Phase-diagram Figures by Lavrik, FRIB, CERN, Gandolfi, Demorest, NICER, NASA GSFC & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab, Ott, and Kamiokande/IMB/Baskan

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Phase-diagram Figures by Lavrik, FRIB, CERN, Gandolfi, Demorest, NICER, NASA GSFC & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab, Ott, and Kamiokande/IMB/Baskan

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Phase-diagram Figures by Lavrik, FRIB, CERN, Gandolfi, Demorest, NICER, NASA GSFC & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab, Ott, and Kamiokande/IMB/Baskan

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Phase-diagram Figures by Lavrik, FRIB, CERN, Gandolfi, Demorest, NICER, NASA GSFC & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab, Ott, and Kamiokande/IMB/Baskan

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Phase-diagram Figures by Lavrik, FRIB, CERN, Gandolfi, Demorest, NICER, NASA GSFC & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab, Ott, and Kamiokande/IMB/Baskan

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Phase-diagram Figures by Lavrik, FRIB, CERN, Gandolfi, Demorest, NICER, NASA GSFC & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab, Ott, and Kamiokande/IMB/Baskan

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Phase-diagram Figures by Lavrik, FRIB, CERN, Gandolfi, Demorest, NICER, NASA GSFC & . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab, Ott, and Kamiokande/IMB/Baskan

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary From astrophysical observables to basic interactions? ? ? Figures by Orduña, NASA GSFC & Caltech/MIT/LIGO Lab, and . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Kamiokande/IMB/Baskan

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary From basic interactions to astrophysical observables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figures by Orduña, OpenStax-CNX, LIGO/Virgo, IUPAP . . . . . 2.5 PSR J0348+0432 2.0 PSR J0030+0451 M grav [ M ⊙ ] GW170817 1.5 1.0 0.5 10 11 12 13 14 15 R [ km ]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Simulations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Figures from Rosswog, Kiuchi, and Ott

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Role of the EOS in CCSNe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • When does collapse start, p + e − → n + ν e . • Density which collapse halts. • Heat produced during collapse. • Mass/size of the PNS core. • Momentum transferred to the shock. • Rate ν s are produced. • Gravitational wave signal. • PNS properties and cooling rate. • Cold NS star mass, radius and composition. • If PNS collapses to a BH and when. • ...

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Equation of State n p Empirical parameters may be constrained by experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . and/or theory and/or observations. . . . . . EOS at T = 0: ε ( n , y ) = ε is ( x )+ δ 2 ε iv ( x )+ O ( δ 4 ) where δ = 1 − 2 y , y = n p + n n , and x = ( n − n sat ) / 3 n sat . 2 ! K sat x 2 + 1 3 ! Q sat x 3 + ... , ε is ( x ) = ε sat + 1 2 ! K sym x 2 + 1 3 ! Q sym x 3 + ... , ε iv ( x ) = ε sym + L sym x + 1

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EOS BH formation Summary Effects of changes in incompressibility NS mass radius . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . Schneider et al. Phys Rev C 96 065802 (2017) . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 K sat [ MeV ] : Antoniadis 200 et al. 215 2.0 230 M grav [ M ⊙ ] 245 N¨ atill¨ a Most 1.5 260 et al. et al. K sym [ MeV ] : 1.0 − 300 − 200 0.5 − 100 0 100 0.0 10 11 12 13 14 R [ km ]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Effects of changes in incompressibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . Schneider et al. Phys Rev C 96 065802 (2017) . . . . . . . . . . . Neutrino from core-collapse of a 20 M ⊙ star K sat [ MeV ] : 70 200 215 ¯ L ν [ 10 51 erg s − 1 ] ν e 230 60 245 260 50 K sym [ MeV ] : − 300 40 − 200 − 100 0 30 100 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 t − t bounce [ s ]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Equation of State EOS at finite T : Kinetic energy term: n n p . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ε ( n , y , T ) = ε kin ( n , y , T )+ ε pot ( n , y ) . ( ) h 2 τ p ¯ h 2 τ n + ¯ ε kin ( n , y , T ) = 1 2 m ⋆ 2 m ⋆

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EOS BH formation Summary Effects of changes in effective mass NS mass radius . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . Schneider et al. Phys Rev C 96 065802 (2017) . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5 m ⋆ [ m n ] : Antoniadis 0.55 et al. 0.65 2.0 0.75 M grav [ M ⊙ ] 0.85 N¨ atill¨ a Most 1.5 0.95 et al. et al. ∆ m ⋆ [ m n ] : 1.0 − 0.10 0.00 0.5 0.10 0.20 0.30 0.0 10 11 12 13 14 R [ km ]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Effects of changes in effective mass . . . . . . . . . . . . . Schneider et al. Phys Rev C 96 065802 (2017) . . . . . . . . . . . Neutrino from core-collapse of a 20 M ⊙ star m ⋆ [ m n ] : 70 0.55 0.65 ¯ L ν [ 10 51 erg s − 1 ] ν e 0.75 60 0.85 0.95 50 ∆ m ⋆ [ m n ] : − 0.10 40 0.00 0.10 0.20 30 0.30 0.0 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 t − t bounce [ s ]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary Effects of changes in effective mass Shock radii for CCSNe with increasing effective mass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Schneider et al. Phys Rev C 96 065802 (2017) . . . . . 500 Average shock radius 400 Max/min shock radius SLy4 0.6 300 R shock [ km ] SLy4 0.7 SLy4 0.8 200 SLy4 0.9 SLy4 1.0 LS220 100 0.0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 t − t bounce [ s ]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Collapse of a 40 M ⊙ star t − t bounce [ ms ] 0 200 400 600 800 6 s [ k B baryon − 1 ] 4 2 s = 4.0 k B baryon − 1 0 0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 M grav [ M ⊙ ]

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Introduction EOS BH formation Summary BH formation Maximum NS mass M max . . . . . . . . . . . . . Schneider et al. arXiv:2001.10434 . . . . . . . . . . . grav for NS with constant entropy s . P ( 4 ) SNM [ MeV fm − 3 ] : 100.0 112.5 125.0 137.5 150.0 P ( 4 ) PNM [ MeV fm − 3 ] : 160.0 180.0 200.0 220.0 240.0 3.0 2.8 grav [ M ⊙ ] 2.6 M PNS 2.4 2.2 2.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 s [ k B baryon − 1 ] EOSs have distinct T = 0 form but same T dependence.

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . EOS BH formation Summary BH formation PNS mass M PNS s inside PNS. . Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . Schneider et al. arXiv:2001.10434 . . . . . . . . . . . grav and most common entropy ˜ P ( 4 ) SNM [ MeV fm − 3 ] : 100.0 112.5 125.0 137.5 150.0 P ( 4 ) PNM [ MeV fm − 3 ] : 160.0 180.0 200.0 220.0 240.0 3.0 2.8 s40WH07 grav [ M ⊙ ] 2.6 M PNS 2.4 2.2 2.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 s [ k B baryon − 1 ] EOSs have distinct T = 0 form but same T dependence.