ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM: THE EXPERIENCE OF SYSTEM: THE EXPERIENCE OF CERVIA MUNICIPALITY CERVIA MUNICIPALITY Luigi Bruzzi Bruzzi - - Valentina Valentina Boragno Boragno Luigi Interdepartmental Centre for Environmental Research Bologna University - Italy
THE ENVIRONMENTAL CERTIFICATION THE ENVIRONMENTAL CERTIFICATION OF CERVIA MUNICIPALITY OF CERVIA MUNICIPALITY • • The case study presented describes the application of the The case study presented describes the application of the Environmental Management System to Cervia Municipality, a small Environmental Management System to Cervia Municipality, a small city located in Italy on the Adriatic seashore. city located in Italy on the Adriatic seashore. • • How the application of an EMS can contribute to the sustainable How the application of an EMS can contribute to the sustainable development of a territory located in a coastal area? development of a territory located in a coastal area? • Coastal areas with • Coastal areas with fragile ecological fragile ecological environment are environment are particularly sensitive particularly sensitive to the impacts to the impacts produced by produced by tourism. tourism. 2 2
ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ECONOMIC, SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL IMPORTANCE OF TOURISMS IMPORTANCE OF TOURISMS • • Tourism is an essential element in local economy and social context: it ext: it Tourism is an essential element in local economy and social cont produces economic growth, occupation, satisfactory regional development lopment produces economic growth, occupation, satisfactory regional deve and can facilitate a sound management of cultural and natural heritage. and can facilitate a sound management of cultural and natural he ritage. • • Tourism affects sustainability by increasing consumption of natural ral Tourism affects sustainability by increasing consumption of natu resources, by producing large amounts of liquid and solid wastes, by resources, by producing large amounts of liquid and solid wastes , by degrading landscape and favouring misuse of land. degrading landscape and favouring misuse of land. 3 3
METHODS AND TOOLS TO ACHIEVE METHODS AND TOOLS TO ACHIEVE SUSTAINABILITY IN TOURISM ACTIVITIES SUSTAINABILITY IN TOURISM ACTIVITIES • • The first way to protect local resources is to be proactive by means of a eans of a The first way to protect local resources is to be proactive by m policy of prevention; this goal could be achieved by applying the e policy of prevention; this goal could be achieved by applying th procedure of EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) and SEA (Strategic tegic procedure of EIA (Environmental Impact Assessment) and SEA (Stra Environmental Assessment). Environmental Assessment). • • The second way is to adopt, for the already existing tourism activities, an ivities, an The second way is to adopt, for the already existing tourism act EMS (Environmental Management System). EMS are finalized to EMS (Environmental Management System). EMS are finalized to continuously improve the sustainability by reducing consumption of of continuously improve the sustainability by reducing consumption resources (water and energy), the production of air and acoustic pollution, pollution, resources (water and energy), the production of air and acoustic the production of large amounts of waste waters and solid wastes. . the production of large amounts of waste waters and solid wastes • • The third way is the approach Integrated Coastal Zone Management The third way is the approach Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM) that will be the driving force to the social and economical (ICZM) that will be the driving force to the social and economic al development of coastal zones. The management of coastal areas focussed development of coastal zones. The management of coastal areas fo cussed on sustainability can be successful only by adopting a set of juridical and on sustainability can be successful only by adopting a set of ju ridical and economic tools, technological solutions, education and training actions. economic tools, technological solutions, education and training actions. 4 4
ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS SYSTEMS • • The EMS’s are voluntary environmental management schemes based The EMS’s are voluntary environmental management schemes based on harmonized guidelines and principles, open to all sectors of on harmonized guidelines and principles, open to all sectors of activities and organizations. activities and organizations. • • The EMS’s are aimed at improving continuously the environmental The EMS’s are aimed at improving continuously the environmental performance of organizations by reducing the consumption of natural ral performance of organizations by reducing the consumption of natu resources and the impacts of their typical activities and processes. ses. resources and the impacts of their typical activities and proces • • The most widely known EMS’s are: The most widely known EMS’s are: – – the international Standard UNI EN ISO 14001 and the international Standard UNI EN ISO 14001 and – – the European Regulation n. 761/01 the European Regulation n. 761/01 on Eco- on Eco -Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS), Management and Audit Scheme (EMAS), updated by Regulation n. 196/06 updated by Regulation n. 196/06 5 5
WHO AND WHY CHOOSE AN EMS? WHO AND WHY CHOOSE AN EMS? • • Environmental certification is applied to many activities Environmental certification is applied to many activities including tourism, agriculture, business services (i.e. including tourism, agriculture, business services (i.e. engineering and consulting), construction works, energy engineering and consulting), construction works, energy systems, food industry, forestry, industrial/manufacturing, systems, food industry, forestry, industrial/manufacturing, utilities mining, transport, utility, waste management. mining, transport, utility, waste management. • • The reasons for an organization to implement an EMS are: reasons for an organization to implement an EMS are: The – Improved environmental management. – Improved environmental management. factories – Better performance of managing activities. – Better performance of managing activities. – Wider transparency and higher credibility. – Wider transparency and higher credibility. – New business opportunities. – New business opportunities. – Improvement of image and confidence. – Improvement of image and confidence. municipalities transportation systems 6 6
EMAS PROCEDURE EMAS PROCEDURE • • The EMS procedure develops into different phases in conformity with The EMS procedure develops into different phases in conformity w ith the scheme “Plan- the scheme “Plan -Do Do- -Check Check- -Act”. Act”. • • The typical path to implement an EMS is a cyclic process aimed at a t a The typical path to implement an EMS is a cyclic process aimed a continuous environmental improvement of the organization. continuous environmental improvement of the organization. • • The main phases of an EMS are: The main phases of an EMS are: – Initial Environmental Review, – Initial Environmental Review, – Environmental Policy definition, – Environmental Policy definition, – EMS implementation, – EMS implementation, – Environmental Statement and – Environmental Statement and Registration. Registration. 7 7
MAIN PURPOSE OF AN EMS: MAIN PURPOSE OF AN EMS: IMPROVE SUSTAINABILITY IMPROVE SUSTAINABILITY • • To get an environmental certification is requested an improvement of t of To get an environmental certification is requested an improvemen sustainability, doesn’t matter what is the initial level. sustainability, doesn’t matter what is the initial level. sustainability level final level initial level final level initial level final level Δ S = sustainability improvement S = sustainability improvement Δ initial level Activity with LOW initial Activity with INTERMEDIATE Activity with HIGH initial sustainability level initial sustainability level sustainability level Sustainability improvement is the same in the 3 cases Sustainability improvement is the same in the 3 cases 8 8
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