Environment Remediation Project on the Nuclear Legacy sites in - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine The ENVIRONET – Network on Environmental Management and Remediation Environment Remediation Project on the Nuclear Legacy sites in Ukraine Challenge and Implementation Oleg Voitsekhovych and Gennady Laptev Rodolfo Avila Ukrainian Hydrometeorological Institute (UA) Facilia AB Department of Environment Radiation Monitoring (SE) Center for Monitoring Studies and Environment Technologies www.uhmi.org.ua/dep/rm The 3d Technical Meeting on Environmental Modeling for Radiation Safety IAEA, 24 – 28 January 2011

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine

Remediation of the Uranium Production Legacy Sites State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine In a past Ukraine ( as a part of USSR ) was among the leaders in Uranium Mining and Milling Industry - 36 Mines, Two Large Milling and Extraction Facilities At the moment the Uranium Industry in Ukraine is on the way to Renaissance and returning back to active Mining and ISL (in-situ leaching) U-exploration Environment Remediation and Safe Management of the Uranium Legacy Sites are serious challenge for the Government of Ukraine The most serious problems are in Dnieprodzerzhinsk town (legacy) and Zhevty Wody town (in operation) Since 2009, State Remediation Program ( Uranium Production Legacy Site Remediation and Reclamation of the site in Dneprodzerzhinsk) is established, however lack of experience in project planning and insufficient funding mechanisms making this program implementation much less efficient than was expected – lack of regulatory provisions – Lack of project management experience of such scales – Lack of knowledge in Risk communication and long term institutional control Ukraine participate in IAEA RER3010 and some other relevant project targeted on extension of cooperation via ENVIRONET networking

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine Background and problem description • After collapse of the USSR one of the largest Uranium Milling facility “Pridneprovski Chemical Plant” in Dniprodzerzhinsk become inactive, • was in operation from 1948 till 1991 • The plant is being in the sanation stage since 1991 with the number of Uranium tailings located on its territory. • There has been no regular surveillance of the Uranium residue and other toxic waste and releases from the tailing sites. • New monitoring programme launched in 2005 and founded by Ministry of Fuel and Energy of Ukraine

Uranium Residue in Dneprodzerzhinsk State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine 9 tailings dump site were created – 23,320 ha 10 42 million tons of Uranium Production 4 Residues 1 (Total activity is uncertain) 2 Residues are located 3 within the territory of the Industrial zone of town ( 280,000 citizens ), • . 6 5 7 8 The Public opinion is to remove tailings 9 away of the town

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine Schematic map of the PChP industrial site

р . Дніпро State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine  BASELINE MONITORING 52 Surface water level and discharges 53 Groundwater regime Meteorological regime Відходи ДМК Пн Кількість випадків Хвостосховище 20 напрямку вітру в % “ Дніпровське ” р . Коноплянка 56 15 ПнЗх ПнСх 10 5 Кар ’ єр 58 “ Тритузний ” Зх 0 Сх ПдЗх ПдСх 62 Кількість випадків напрямку вітру в (%) Пд Хвостосховище “ Західне ” 65 Пн 68 Середня швидкість Хвостосховище 3,0 по напрямку вітру “ Центральний Яр ” 69 ПнЗх ПнСх Хвостосховище 2,0 70 “ Південно - Східне ” 0 0.25 0.5 1,0 Kilometers Зх 0,0 Сх ПдЗх ПдСх Умовні позначення Середня швидкість по гідроізогіпса і її висотне положення ; 70 напрямку вітру Пд стрічка руху підземних вод .

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine Observational network at the Dnieprodzerzhinsk Uranium production Legacy Site

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine  Groundwater A bout 50 wells at the territory Most observational wells are not in use Regular sampling take place and 1-2 time per year at 10-15 wells Maximal levels of 238+234 U in pore water (100-500 Bq/l) Drainage water has high mineralization (Sulfates and Chlorides ions) Ground waters discharges to the Dnieper reservoir The high concentration of Uranium in neighboring villages in the drinking wells

Specific objects for monitoring and State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine surveillance The former U-Extraction Facility Special attention towards radiation safety will be needed during demolishing of the former uranium extraction facility. Some of them situated just about 20 m nearby to the enterprise which is still in operation. Dismantling of the most contaminated pipe line has About 2 km of highly been significantly reduced radiological risk factors at the contaminated pipelines Legacy and tubes were cut, removed from the territory, packed to special containers and temporarily stored in a fenced storage place. Former Uranium Extraction facilities

The Instruments and Analytical Services have been supplied by Ukrainian Hydrometeorological State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine Institute (Kiev) Gamma – spectroscopy of aerosols and solid materials • 4 HPGe Semiconductor Detectors Type - GEM, GWL, GMX – ORTEC, BE5030 - CANBERRA Measurement - 234 Th ( 238 U), 235 U, 234 U, 226 Ra, 228 Ra , 210 Pb, 228 Th , 40 K, and ets.

Routine analyses of water samples were provided with State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine Alpha radiometry and alpha spectrometry α –spectroscopy with semiconductor detector UMF-2000 ( DOZA Produced) were procured by IAEA • Spectrometers – UMF-2000 • Semiconductor Detectors Efficiency for registration – 44 % Energy resolution 180 к eV . Alpha Spec Dec. Software spectra processing Wet chemistry for sample preparation • Measurement - 238 U, 235 U , 234 U, 226 Ra, 210 Po, 232 Th, 230 Th, 228 Th . Alpha Spec, of sample with tracers 232 U, 229 Th, 209 Po

α – β - spectroscopy with liquid scintillation State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine methods have been applied

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine Gamma dose survey show very inhomogeneous external exposure due to insufficient tailing covers in many places µSv/a Western Baza C Central Yar БДКС -96 GPS-60

State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine Rn-222 exhalation studies at spring and autumn period 2009 (mBq/m 2 per sec.) May-June 2009 September-October 2009

1 0 - 6 Á ê ì - 3 1 0 0 0 0 Monitoring of the Aerosol U -2 3 8 State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine Aerosol contamination during tailing pollution R a -2 2 6 T h-2 2 8 cover work K -4 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 8 .0 6 - 0 4 .0 7 - 0 1 .0 8 - 1 5 .0 8 - 0 1 .0 9 - 1 5 .0 9 - 0 3 .1 0 - 1 7 .1 0 - 0 4 .0 7 .0 8 0 1 .0 8 .0 8 1 5 .0 8 .0 8 0 1 .0 9 .0 8 1 5 .1 0 .0 8 0 3 .1 0 .0 8 3 1 .1 0 .0 8 3 1 .1 0 .0 8 1000 10 -6 Bq m -3 U-238 Annually averaged RN concentration in air Ra-226 Th-228 K-40 100 10 1 Meteostantion t. Western t. Central Yar t. South-Western b. 103 t. Dnieprovskoe v. Taromskoe

Chemical pollution of aerosols fallout (µg/ · м -2 ). Monitoring data. State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine Pb, Co, Cd, Mn, Cu, Fe, Zn

Konoplianka River is a main sink of the radionuclides State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine released with ground water fluxes, erosion and runoff

Typical ranges of the environmental contamination State Nuclear Regulatory Committee of Ukraine by radionuclides of 238 U series Type of samples Units 238 U 230 Th 226 Ra 210 Pb 210 Po Soils at the inhabitant areas Bq kg -1 20-30 50-70 20-40 50 -90 40-70 Soils at the Industrial site Bq kg -1 10 2 -10 3 10 2 -10 3 10-10 2 10 2 -10 3 10 2 -10 3 Soils and tailing material at the Uranium Bq kg -1 10 3 -10 4 10 3 -10 4 10 4 -10 5 10 4 -10 5 10 4 -10 5 residue dump sites, Groundwater (pore water) at the aquifer Bq m -3 10 2 -10 5 10-10 3 10-10 3 15-300 at the tailing site Surface water in a drainage systems Bq m -3 200-500 15-30 15-20 5-10 inlet to the Dnieper River Aerosols at the tailing dump sites and 10 -6 50-300 100-150 600-1100 150-400 nearby contaminated buildings Bq m -3 Aerosols at the inhabitant area nearby 10 -6 15-20 10-30 50-200 15-40 of industrial sites Bq m -3