Emerging Energy Technology New Options for Alaska in the Global Energy Economy
What is “ emerging energy technology” ?
Energy Technology (S B220) … technology that promotes, enhances, or expands the diversity of available energy supply sources or means of transmission, increases energy efficiency, or reduces negative energy-related environmental effects: “energy technology" includes technology related to renewable sources of energy, conservation of energy, enabling technologies, efficient and effective use of hydrocarbons, and integrated energy systems …
S tages of Technology Development R&D D&D Commercial
Emerging Energy Technology R&D D&D Commercial
Importance of Energy Innovation* • Reduce the costs of energy • Reduce the emissions of end-use forms to hazardous air pollutants consumers • Enhance the prospects for • Further reduce costs of environmentally energy services by sustainable & politically increasing end-use stabilizing economic efficiency development • Reduce dependence on oil • Minimize the in the USA and elsewhere environmental impacts of • Increase the reliability & energy-resource resilience of energy systems exploration, extraction, and against disruptions transport • Increase the productivity of manufacturing
“ Innovation is the mechanism to get from energy status quo to desired energy future”
Energy Use, GDP, and E/ GDP for the U.S. Economy, 1949-2004 USDOE, EERE
Energy Consumption per Read Dollar of GDP, 1949-2008 USDOE, EERE
Learning curve for power generation technologies (IPTS Energy, Transport and Climate Change Group)
Barriers to Technology Development • Lack of applied technology research funding ▫ Death Valley • “Commercialization” hurdle • New technology hurdle ▫ Regulation ▫ Permitting • Substantial risk • Long-term planning
US DOE Energy RD&D Spending (Kelly Gallagher, Kennedy School of Gov’t, 2-13-07) 7000.0 6000.0 5000.0 million 2000$ 4000.0 3000.0 2000.0 1000.0 0.0 1978 1979 1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 Request 2008 Request Fission Fusion Efficiency Renewables Fossil (including CCT demo) Electricty T&D Hydrogen (non-fossil)
“ The core force of innovation -- vision, experimentation and wise investment s -- has led to thousands of breakthroughs that benefit us all… ..We need the same serious commitment in the energy sector to developing the original American energy supply: innovation.”
Why is emerging energy technology important to Alaska?
• Unique challenges ▫ Size ▫ Climate ▫ Population Density • Substantial diversity ▫ Resources ▫ Geography • Alaskan energy use • Alaskan economy • Energy security • Limited funding and investment opportunities Hatch Energy, http:/ / www.hatch.com.cn
Opportunities • Vast energy resources of Alaska ▫ Renewable ▫ Non-renewable • Resources and conditions • High energy costs • Support ▫ Public ▫ Political, legislative • Developing national funding opportunities • Growing world-wide demand
Case S tudy: Technology Transfer • Power Distribution ▫ Decentralized, isolated, or remote grids. ▫ Comparable scale in supply and demand. • Similar Energy Resources • Implementation Challenges ▫ Logistics ▫ Natural challenges ▫ Transportation • Alaska’s position is ideal for technology development and export
Emerging Technology Funds • National Emerging Technology • International Emerging Funds Technology Funds ▫ New York State Energy ▫ Sustainable Development Research and Development Technology Canada’s Tech Authority Fund ▫ California Energy ▫ Ontario Emerging Commission’s Public Interest Technologies Fund Energy Research (Pier) ▫ World Bank Clean Technology Program Fund ▫ Texas Emerging Technology • Alaska Emerging Technology Fund Funds ▫ Michigan Emerging ▫ Denali Commission Emerging Technology Fund Energy Technology Grant ▫ Massachusetts Emerging ▫ State of Alaska Emerging Technology Fund Energy Technology Fund
Emerging Energy Technology Grant (EETG) • Denali Commission, June 2009 • $4mill available • Eligibility ▫ Alternative or renewable energy ▫ Demonstration phase ▫ Viable in 5 years ▫ AK applicant ▫ Potential for both widespread deployment in AK and reduced energy costs
Lessons Learned “A critical element of funding emerging energy technology projects is the inclusion of a robust data collection and analysis component.” Gov. Public Industry Lessons Learned
EETG: Results • 50 applications ▫ Academic entities, local governments, private investors, tribal groups, nonprofit organizations • $29.5 million in requests ▫ Batteries and energy storage ▫ Electric vehicles for rural areas ▫ Hydrokinetic projects ▫ Underground coal gasification ▫ Seawater heat pumps ▫ Controls, smart grids, and monitoring
Proj ect #1: S eawater Heat Pump Demonstration Proj ect • Recipient: Alaska SeaLife Center • Partners: Your Clean Energy, City of Seward, Alaska Energy Authority Install and monitoring a heat pump system that will “lift” latent heat from raw seawater at temperatures ranging from 35º F to 55º F, and transfer this heat energy into building heat at a temperature of 120º F.
EXPANSION VALVE HOT HOT VAPOR LIQUID RAW GLYCOL SEAWATER 120 F 43 F Heat Pum p CONDENSOR EVAPORATOR Cycle 98 F 39 F WARM CHILLED VERY HOT VAPOR WARM VAPOR GLYCOL SEAWATER COMPRESSOR
Proj ect #2: Psychrophiles for Generating Heating Gas • Recipient: Cordova Electric Cooperative • Partners: Cordova Schools, UAF-INE, Solar Cities Research and application project, deploy the use of psychrophiles (cold loving microbes) to improve efficiency in biogas digestors for generating cooking and heating gas for Alaskan households.
S ummary • Cold Climates ▫ Cordova (-5°C to 20°C) vs. 15°C to 80°C • Two Phase Project ▫ Compare efficiencies of mesophiles and psychrophiles on common Alaska feedstock at various temperatures. ▫ Deploy digester(s) in practical household scale project(s) • Partnerships ▫ CEC, TH Culhane (Solar Cities), Dr. Katey Walter Anthony (UAF-INE), Cordova Schools (Adam Low)
Proj ect #3: Feasibility of S olar Hot Water S ystems • Recipient: Kotzebue Electric Association • Partners: Kotzebue Community Energy Task Force, ABS Alaska, Susitna Energy, NANA Assessing the feasibility of solar thermal hot water heating systems integrated into elder housing in the NANA region.
Proj ect #4: Commercial S cale Wood Pellet Fired Boiler • Recipient: Sealaska Corporation Sealaska Corporation will be converting their corporate headquarters building from a diesel fired boiler to a wood pellet fired boiler, demonstrating commercial scale application of the technology and assessing the market potential of biomass in South East Alaska.
Proj ect #5: Organic Rankine Cycle Heat Recovery S ystem • Recipient: Tanana Chiefs Council • Partners: UAF, Alaska Energy Authority Demonstrating the potential improved fuel efficiency of the diesel power plant in a village in the TCC region through the use of an Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) system for heat recovery from engine jacket water and exhaust.
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC)
Cost = $128,000, Fuel efficiency = 14 kW-hr/ gal, Operation = 24 hr/ day
Nenana RiveGen TM Proj ect #6: Hydrokinetic Turbine • Recipient: Ocean Renewable Power Company • Partners: UAF – AHERC, NREL ORPC proposes to build, install and test the RivGen TM Power System, a hydrokinetic energy unit, at the Nenana hydrokinetic test bed and analyze resource and technology results.
Turbine-Generator Unit (TGU) Project Components: • Permitting, site evaluation and analysis • Foundations and debris study • Turbine development and testing
Proj ect #7: Wales Diesel-Off High Penetration Wind S ystem • Recipient: Kotzebue Electric Association • Partners: AVEC, Western Community Energy Kotzebue Electric Association will demonstrate diesel-off configuration for a remote wind-diesel high penetration hybrid power system through the retrofit of existing equipment and controls.
Proj ect #8: High Penetration Hybrid Power S ystem • Recipient UAF – WiDAC The Wind Diesel Application Center will analyze state of the art power electronics to assess options for wind-diesel hybrid power systems to operate in a diesel-off mode.
Proj ect #9: Flow Battery Energy S torage S ystems • Recipient: Kotzebue Electric Association • Partners: NRECA, UAF, Premium Power Kotzebue Electric Association’s goal for this project is to analyze and demonstrate flow battery systems and their potential for energy storage in rural wind systems.
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