Effective Remediation of Gun Propellant Residues in Surface GROUPE - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Effective Remediation of Gun Propellant Residues in Surface GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA Soils Using Commercially Available Asphalt Heaters 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP Presenter: Kelsey Keys Connell 5CDSG Environmental Coordinator Guy Ampleman, Sonia Thiboutot & Michel Kervarec DRDC – Valcartier/Weapon Systems Sheldon Downe 5CDSG Chief of Environmental Services Branch NOTICE (U) (U) This document has been reviewed and DOES NOT ¡CONTAIN ¡controlled ¡ goods. UNCLASSIFIED

Outline GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA � Background � Objective 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP � Trials and Technologies � Results � Next Steps The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. � Questions 2

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP 5 th CDSB Gagetown

5CDSB Gagetown RTA GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA � Training Area: 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP � 1,100 Sq Km 2 � Canada’s second largest military training area � Centre of Excellence for Army Training

5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA

The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. FIRING POSITIONS WELLINGTON RANGE 6

Anti-Tank Firing Background GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA 84mm The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. M72 The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP • High deposition rate of Nitrocellulose(NC) / Nitroglycerin(NG) based propellant • High NG concentrations behind firing positions • NC is highly insoluble and resilient • After 25 years of inactivity, still over 4000 ppm in surface soils

Health and Safety Risk GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA • Surface soil ignition causing fire upon discharge of weapons 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP • Fire could trigger detonation of stockpiled munitions • Inhalation of NG leads to strong headaches 8

Objective GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA • The objective of this trial was to establish 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP if NG concentrations in soil at firing points could be reduced using high heat technology 9

Option analysis for remediation GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA • NC matrix highly water insoluble, prevents the use of bioremediation 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP • NC resistance prevents the use of chemical reduction, hydrolysis or oxidation • Ex-situ treatment using soil stabilization (STABLEX) limited by the high concentrations of energetic materials (limit of 5000 mg/kg) • Contamination concentrated at surface, in the first 10-15 cm • Incineration was selected as the preferred option as NG destruction temperature is around 200 o C

Burning Technologies • In-situ technology using solvent GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA • Trials ran from 2009-2011 by Isabelle Poulin from DRDC • Two drawbacks: 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP – Too expensive for large scale deployment – Temperature not high enough to burn NG in subsurface The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. 11

Direct Flame Burning GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA • Hand-held propane burner delivering heat as a direct flame • Trial conducted at Carpiquet, Quebec the summer of 2013 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP • Drawbacks – Time consuming, not user friendly – Difficult to manage for large scale deployment – Temperatures not sufficient to burn NG completely at the surface – Insufficient heat penetration did not allow burning of NG in sub-surface

Asphalt Heating Technology GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA • Portable infrared heater uses a radiant blue flame • Tested in two trials conducted in 2013 and 2014 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP • First trial performed with a IR-Proheater single at two locations at Wellington Range firing positions

2013 Trial Results GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA • After 15 minutes exposure: NG surface soil concentrations decreased from 1960 to 1650 mg/kg for 17% reduction 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP • After 30 minutes exposure: NG surface soil concentrations decreased from 310 to 260 mg/kg for 14% reduction • Average of 15% reduction was achieved for both trials

2014 Trial GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA • Performed in September 2014 using a larger heater (Asphalt Reheat System – Manta Ray EXT) • Probes were used to measure the temperature at different depths down to 25 cms 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

Manta Ray EXT Trailer by ARS The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again. GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

Sample locations GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA • Location A: – Sampled prior to heating 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP – Heating period of 30 minutes – resampled – Re-heating for another 30 minutes and re-sampled • Location B: – Sampled prior to heating – Heating period of 60 minutes – resampled – Re-heating for 60 minutes, re-sampled including sub-surface • Location C: – Sampled prior to heating – Heating period of 240 minutes – Resampled the surface 17

Results – 30+30 Minutes GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA • After 30 minutes of heating, temperatures reach 340 o C • After a cooling period plus an additional heating time 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP of 30 minutes, temperatures reach 425 o C The image cannot be displayed. Your computer may not have enough memory to open the image, or the image may have been corrupted. Restart your computer, and then open the file again. If the red x still appears, you may have to delete the image and then insert it again.

5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA Results 60+60 Minutes Heating

5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA After Heating

Following 4 hours of Heating GROUPE DE SOUTIEN DE LA 5 e DIV CA • Visual observation of soil drying down to a depth of 15 cm 5 TH CDN DIV SUPPORT GROUP

2014 Results NG Concentrations Location A Location B Location C Before 9,300 mg/kg 2,500 mg/kg 13,000 mg/kg Heating 60 + 60 30 minutes 30 + 30 minutes 60 minutes 240 minutes Time minutes After 1,000 mg/kg ND ND ND ND After sub- surface ___ ___ ___ ND ___ 0-15 cm After sub- surface ___ ___ ___ 75 mg/kg ___ 15-30 cm ND=Non Detect