2nd International Conference ADAPT to CLIMATE Heraklion, 24 th -25 th June 2019 1 Difgerent MBT Plant confjgurations as case studies of various EU co-fjnanced projects Comparison in terms of performed efgiciency and mitigation to climate change T. Lolos, C. Tsompanidis, E. Ieremiadi*, K. Oikonomou E l e n i I e r e m i a d i , D i p l . C h e m i c a l E n g i n e e r, M S c I n t e r n a t i o n a l P r o j e c t s D e p a r t m e n t E N V I R O P L A N S. A . 2 3 Pe r i k l e o u s & I r a s S t r. 1 5 3 4 4 , G e r a k a s , A t h e n s , G r e e c e , + 3 0 2 1 0 6 1 0 5 1 2 7 - 8 e - m a i l : i n f o @ e n v i r o p l a n . g r
ENVIROPLAN Consultants and Engineers S.A. 2 ENVIROPLAN S.A. provides comprehensive services in the fjeld of waste management, energy, technical engineering and project management, starting from initial procedure planning, up to construction, supervision and client’s training for project operation. Since the philosophy of the company is the multidisciplinary approach of the technical and environmental subjects, more than 60 scientists and engineers from various disciplines are occupied in ENVIROPLAN. 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
ENVIROPLAN Consultants and Engineers S.A. consulting fjrm, founded in Athens in 1990 3 Headquarters Ofgices Athens/ Greece Branch Ofgice Branch Ofgice Branch Ofgice Branch Ofgice Branch Ofgice Ankara Larnaka Thessaloniki Bucharest Skopje ENVIROPLAN S.A. is certifjed according to EN ISO 9001:2015 , EN ISO 14001:2015 and OHSAS 18001:2007 and holds also a permanent professional Indemnity Insurance Contract with Lloyd’s. CERTIFIED M.S. CERTIFIED M.S. CERTIFIED M.S. ΕΛΟΤ 1801:2008/ ISO 14001:2015 ISO 9001:2015 OHSAS 18001:2007 160/ Π 1076/∆ 115/ Α 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
ENVIROPLAN Consultants and Engineers S.A. 4 • ENVIROPLAN S.A. is currently active in many international environmental projects at Western Balkans, Eastern partnership countries and MENA region and more specifjc at : Cyprus Armenia Turkey Ukraine Romania Kyrgyz Republic Croatia Kingdom of Jordan Serbia Lebanon Bulgaria Lithuania North Macedonia Oman Azerbaijan Palestine • ENVIROPLAN S.A. clients are many international fjnancing institutions and organizations as well as public governmental bodies such as: European Commission (EU) European Investment Bank (E.I.B.) European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (E.B.R.D.) World Bank (W .B.) Local authorities/Ministries Waste Management Organizations-Public Utility Companies Private sector 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
Climate Change Integrated Waste Management System 5 There are two main components in dealing with climate change: Adaptation which is about dealing with inevitable consequences of climate change and attempting to lower the risks and improve resilience. Climate change Vulnerability and Risk Assessment is the process of managing climate change adaptation issues for a project in order to improve the project’s resilience to climate change. Mitigation which is about dealing with the causes of climate change by reducing GHG emissions. 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
Climate Change Adaptation Vulnerability and Risk Assessment 6 The process can be divided into the following main tasks (i) Preparation , (ii) Vulnerability , (iii) Risk , (iv) Adaptation Preparation : Aim of this task is to set foundations for the assessment, understanding the background of the project, how the methodology will be undertaken and who should be involved (stakeholders involvement). Examples of potential climate Vulnerability: Aim of this task is to understand hazards:Temperature, which climate hazards the project may be vulnerable precipitation, sea level, wind to, and to screen hazards in or out of the more speeds, humidity, solar detailed risk assessment. radiation, fmood, heat, drought Vulnerability of a project is a combination of two aspects: How sensitive the project’s components are to 1) climate hazards (sensitivity). Sensitivity analysis is to identify the relevant climate hazards for the given specifjc type of project, irrespective to its location. The probability of these hazards occurring at the 2) project location now and in the future (exposure). Aim of the exposure analysis is to identify the relevant hazards for the foreseen project location, irrespective of the project type. 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
Basic requirements of Climate Adaptation Vulnerability and Risk Assessment 7 Sensitivity x Exposure = Vulnerability Vulnerability analysis combines sensitivity and exposures analysis. The most relevant climate variables and hazards are those with a high or medium vulnerability level, which are then taken forward to the risk assessment. 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
Climate Change Adaptation Vulnerability and Risk Assessment 8 Risk Assessment : Aim of this task is consider the likelihood and severity of each risk afgecting the success of the project. Likelihood of impact (Probability). This part 1) looks at how likely the identifjed climate hazards are to occur within a given timescale e.g. the lifetime of the project. The table provides a scale for assessing the likelihood of a climate hazard. Magnitude of impact (Severity). This part 2) looks at what would happen if the identifjed climate hazard did occur, what would be the consequences. This should be assessed on a scale of severity per hazard. The impact analysis provides an expert assessment of the potential impact for each of the essential climate variables and hazards. 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
Climate Change Adaptation Vulnerability and Risk Assessment 9 Probability x Severity = Risk Risk analysis combines likelihood and impact of the essential climate variables and hazards. 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
Climate Change Adaptation Vulnerability and Risk Assessment 10 Adaptation : Aim of this task is to manage and reduce efgects of climate change to an acceptable level. Divided in two stages 1) Identifjcation and appraisal of Adaptation options. Identifjcation of options responding to the risks (workshops, meeting, evaluation, etc.). Adaptation may involve a mix of responses e.g. training, capacity building, monitoring, use of best practices, standards, engineering solutions, technical design, risk management etc. The appraisal of adaptation options should give due regard to the specifjc circumstances and availability of data through expert judgment or detailed cost-benefjt analysis. 2) Integration of adaptation options. 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
Climate Change Mitigation GHG emissions calculations Methodology 11 As part of the option analysis, the quantifjcation of each examined scenario for Integrated Waste Management System was performed according to The Carbon Footprint Methodology, that provides a series of emissions factors derived from internationally recognized sources, e.g. GHG Protocol and IPCC Guidelines for National GHG Inventories. The calculation of the GHG emissions included: Both direct and indirect GHG emissions from the difgerent components of the waste management system GHG emissions, Avoided GHG emissions and Net GHG emissions of an incremental approach (with-without project scenario) 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
Scope of GHG emissions produced by difgerent waste management activities 12 Indirect GHG Net direct GHG emissions (scope Activity emissions (scope Avoided GHG emissions 1) 2) CO 2 from grid CO 2 avoided through material Material CO 2 from fuels consumed in waste electricity recovery from waste and recycling Recover collection and transportation to and consumption y from the facility Facility CO 2 from fuels consumed in waste (MRF) treatment facility CO 2 from fuels consumed in waste CO 2 from grid CO 2 avoided through material collection and transportation to and electricity recovery from waste and recycling from the facility consumption CH 4 and N 2 O in anaerobic processes CO 2 avoided through energy during biological treatment recovery from incineration of ΜΒΤ RDF/SRF produced from mixed waste CO 2 from fuels consumed in waste CO 2 avoided through energy treatment facility (i.e. by vehicles) recovery from combustion of biogas produced in anaerobic digestion CO 2 from fuels consumption in waste CO 2 from grid CO 2 avoided through energy collection and transportation to and electricity recovery from landfjll gas from the facility consumption Landfjll CH 4 from landfjll CO 2 from fuels consumed on the landfjll site (i.e. by vehicles) Source: Jaspers, Stafg working papers, Calculation of GHG Emissions in Waste and Waste-to-Energy Projects, 2013 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
Methodology 13 To quantify the European Investment Bank (EIB) carbon footprint for investment projects and the associated relative emissions compared to the baseline the following series of activities must be followed: Defjne project Boundary ↓ What to be included in the Emission scopes to include calculation of absolute, baseline, and relative emissions? ↓ Quantify absolute project emissions (Ab) Defjnition of scope of GHG emissions. ↓ Identify & quantify baseline emissions (Be) ↓ Calculate relative emissions Re=Ab-Be 2 nd ADAPT to CLIMATE Conference
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