Dependency Parsing CMSC 723 / LING 723 / INST 725 M ARINE C ARPUAT - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jan 11, 2024 •531 likes •856 views

Dependency Parsing CMSC 723 / LING 723 / INST 725 M ARINE C ARPUAT marine@cs.umd.edu Slides credit: Joakim Nivre & Ryan McDonald Agenda Formalizing dependency graphs Formalizing transition-based parsing Graph-based

Dependency Parsing CMSC 723 / LING 723 / INST 725 M ARINE C ARPUAT marine@cs.umd.edu Slides credit: Joakim Nivre & Ryan McDonald
Agenda • Formalizing dependency graphs • Formalizing transition-based parsing – Graph-based – Transition-based most material based on Kubler, McDonald & Nivre
Dependencies Typed: Label indicating relationship between words ● prep pobj dobj nsubj det det I saw a girl with a telescope Untyped: Only which words depend ● I saw a girl with a telescope
Data-driven dependency parsing Goal: learn a good predictor of dependency graphs Input: x Output: dependency graph/tree G Can be framed as a structured prediction task - very large output space - with interdependent labels
FOR ORMA MALIZ IZING ING DE DEPE PENDENC NDENCY Y REPR PRES ESENT ENTATIO TIONS NS
Dependency Graphs
Dependency Graph Notation
Properties of Dependency Trees
Non-Projectivity • Most theoretical frameworks do not assume projectivity • Non-projective structures are needed to represent – Long-distance dependencies – Free word order
GR GRAP APH-BASED BASED PAR ARSING ING
Directed Spanning Trees
Maximum Spanning Tree • Assume we have an arc factored model i.e. weight of graph can be factored as sum or product of weights of its arcs • Chu-Liu-Edmonds algorithm can find the maximum spanning tree for us! – Greedy recursive algorithm – Naïve implementation: O(n^3)
Chu-Liu-Edmonds illustrated
Chu-Liu-Edmonds illustrated
Chu-Liu-Edmonds illustrated
Chu-Liu-Edmonds illustrated
Chu-Liu-Edmonds illustrated
Arc weights as linear classifiers
Example of classifier features
How to score a graph G using features? By definition of arc weights Arc-factored model as linear classifiers assumption
How can we learn the classifier from data?
TR TRAN ANSITIO ITION-BASED BASED DE DEPE PENDENC NDENCY Y PAR ARSE SER
Transition-based parsing
Transition-based parsing
Deterministic parsing with an oracle
Stack-based transition system
Transitions & Preconditions
Let’s try it out…
A few steps illustrated…
A few steps illustrated…

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