Katherine Swanson M.S. PhD Candidate Oregon State University DAIRY CATTLE PRODUCTION AND EFFECT OF MILK ON HUMAN HEALTH
Transition Cows • 4 weeks before and 4 weeks after calving • More susceptible to diseases • Cost $100+ per cow • Decreased DMI, increased oxidative stress • Depressed immune function OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 1
Blackberry Antioxidants • Contain anthocyanins and phenols that can function as antioxidants • Phenols can inhibit oxidation of lipids • Help maintain immune cell structure OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 2
Materials and Methods • 24 Holstein and Jersey cows, 2 st -5 th lactation • Cows randomly assigned to one of three groups: control, 2oz, or 4oz • Fed diets using Calan gate in AM for 4 weeks prior to and following calving • Measured immune status, metabolic health, and reproductive function OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 3
R e p ro d u c tiv e P e rfo rm a n c e 2 0 0 C o n tro l P o s tp a rtu m (D a y s ) L o w B B P 1 5 0 H ig h B B P 1 0 0 5 0 0 F irs t H e a t F irs t B re e d in g D a ys O p e n High BBP cows showed first heat 12 d earlier, were first bred 15 d earlier, and were open for 49 d less than Control cows, as more cows tended to be confirmed pregnant from their first breeding OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 4
E s tra d io l P ro g e s te ro n e H ig h B B P 6 0 4 L o w B B P P ro g e s te ro n e (n g /m L ) H ig h B B P C o n tro l E s tra d io l (p g /m L ) L o w B B P 3 C o n trol 4 0 2 2 0 1 0 0 7 1 4 2 1 2 8 7 1 4 2 1 2 8 P o s tp a rtu m (d a y s ) D a y s (P o s tp a rtu m ) OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 5
Conclusions • Some improvement in metabolic status; significant improvement in reproductive function • Utilize blackberry waste to save farmers and processors money OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 6
Milk Consumption • Down 52 lbs/person in last 20 years (USDA 2017) • Production up 2,700 lbs/cow/year in last 10 years (USDA 2017) • Lactose intolerance • Availability of “healthier” products • Fear of link to obesity? Protein, Ca, Saturated Fat? OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 7
Milk and Obesity • 12 male Duroc-Berkshire crosses 8-9 weeks old • Fed iso-caloric supplement of milk or sugar water for 11 weeks • Measured ADI, ADG, FCR, weight, back/neck fat thickness OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 8
OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 9
Overall Milk = no effect on body weight or adipose tissue in growing piglets OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 10
Acknowledgements • Dr. Gerd Bobe • Dr. Massimo Bionaz • Oregon Raspberry and Blackberry Commission • USDA • Townsend Farms, Troutdale, OR • Mark Keller • Matt Kennedy • All of my interns and dairy and swine center employees OREGON STATE UNIVERSITY 11
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