CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous and Cognitive Computing Beyond Weiser Eric C. Larson, Lyle School of Engineering, Computer Science and Engineering, Southern Methodist University 1 1
class logistics • look at the schedule for discussion assignments • anyone not assigned? • first on deck: • any troubles viewing the lectures for Thursday? • anyone need an arduino? • downloading editor for class paper (due in about 10 days) https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1AKbN_BN69aY0VncFNBYTdFc2M 2
agenda • Blythe: hitchhiker’s guide to ubicomp • reading for the misreading • reframing the story • Abowd: collective computing • beyond the idea of ubicomp • …or how to make ubicomp fit into today’s paradigm Gregory Abowd Yvonne Rogers Paul Dourish 3
mark blythe • professor at Newcastle University • design ethnography • both a writer and a a research scientist • also an artist 4
hitchhiker’s ubicomp • a critique on ubicomp through literary devices • give insights toward framing new ubicomp technology and design • deconstructionism, psychoanalytic, and feminism • parallel future readings: Arthur Dent and Joe Chip • incompetence versus political discord 5
general criticism • ubicomp writing is always “just around the corner” • ubicomp is far more messy than weiser’s vision, thus “we have not noticed its arrival” • benign political and cultural context • related criticisms: • context is really hard • inference is imperfect • the panopticon 6
•the vision of ubicomp will never be more than a vision …in the same way that AI will never be a human 7
criticisms of weiser’s ubicomp • context and intelligence are too hard... successes thus far are underwhelming • when “it” gets its wrong, we are extremely frustrated • technology abandonment 8
the panopticon • easy to think we are always watched (and could be) • easy to overstep bounds “Such panopticon developments elicit a knee-jerk reaction of horror in us” -Yvonne Rogers 9
back to Blythe • literary devices as scientific critical thought • pastiche writing • bring out thematic criticism otherwise left dormant • much more visceral than just criticizing! why? 10
taking Sal apart • Sal feels “cosy” from seeing the neighborhood • …like Winston smith “loves” big brother • she sees her children through a “window” • her perspectives are mediated… • she gets the manual to her garage door • …because its too difficult to operate • she “logs in” to work automatically • is she getting “clocked in” by superiors? • Sal at breakfast: • pen: there is a direct link to her office at the table… 11
Sal and Joe • deconstruct: • is sal keeping “tabs” on joe? • is there a shadow of anxiety and fear? • the big other… • psychoanalysis: • maybe it is collegial, maybe joe wants to be watched • “to see without being seen”, technology is aware of its potential intrusiveness • surveillance without intrusion in this case 12
Sal as a woman • third generation feminism: rights of males and females is based upon more than a forced choice • where are her priorities? newspaper versus breakfast? does she have a choice? • technical domination: does technology necessitate that she appears to be working, never interacting “too long” with the children to be judged as not selecting “work”? • total collapse of home versus work has more effect on the social perceptions of females than males… ? • what does this say about technology mirroring culture, prejudice, and furthering mainstream opinion? 13
pastiche 14
Arthur Dent • new technology: the fundamental design flaws of technology are hidden by their superficial design flaws • the alarm clock • the garage door • a common mistake in designing something completely foolproof is to underestimate the ingenuity of complete fools… • is uncooperative technology more likely to be mastered? or abandoned? 15
Joe Chip • new technology: it ignores the status of Sal as a executive, Sal’s utopia is Joe’s social dystopia • widening the technology gap • benign social contexts: technology is fine • what happens when there is conflict • a cheating spouse? a party at your parent’s house? • consider weiser’s data trails in today’s political landscape… 16
moving on to next paper • has anything swayed your opinion from after Weiser’s vision? • one central point: ubicomp technology is written in the narrative of Weiser’s Sal, with the varied and pointed problems largely ignored • for this class: know the limitations of a technology and be realistic about your design 17
gregory abowd • Is setting out to define the next generation vision • AY-bowd • director of health systems institute • IT and health delivery • technology and autism • aware home research initiative • at the forefront of ubicomp, with Weiser 18
different criticisms • is Abowd defining a fourth generation of computing? • “ rather than focus on the socio-technical criticisms, I draw attention to missing elements in ubiquitous computing’s technical definition that could be leveraged today ” • what separates ubicomp from collective computing? collective intelligence : shared or group intelligence that emerges from the collaboration, collective efforts, and competition of many individuals 19
different criticisms • the available technology shapes fourth generation computing • “practices develop around technologies, and technologies are adapted and incorporated into practices” -Paul Dourish • the three most influential pieces are: says Abowd! 20
the cloud • some argue that the level of connectivity for ubicomp is not possible • “ an emphasis on integration, albeit imperfect, is important going forward ” • computing beyond the device • health and wellness • productivity • entertainment • education 21
the crowd • mechanical turk, online games • fills in gap that inference can never get right • key question: temporary versus mainstay • key ubicomp difference: we may not know the source of intelligence… 22
the shroud • the internet of things • the internet of nouns • “ The last decade’s human body augmented by a powerful pocket sized smartphone I don’t always will face competition from a physically disaggregated collection of devices call it #IoT… screaming for an aggregated experience ” but when I do —Gregory Abowd • spontaneous refiguring to deliver the right tools…better? 23
why focus on applications • “practices develop around technologies, and technologies are adapted and incorporated into practices” -Paul Dourish • key advantages: • marketplace not ignored • practicality is key • focus on applications that successfully employ cloud, crowd, shroud • …which means fitting a problem to a tool (or does it)? 24
driver: personal navigation • to improve: more shroud • faster and more JIT access to information • wearables • HUD in cars 25
follow on app: health • extending services of health professionals • managing questions • patients like me • shroud gives: • unprecedented access to physical signals 26
follow on app: education • the MOOC with social networking • classroom experiences — how? 27
follow on app: commerce • the supply chain • who needs what • opinion about products and services • tracking and responsiveness • conflict management 28
discussion • what is the fundamental difference in ubiquitous and collective computing? 29
for next class... • next time : in class assignment in teams • get your micro controllers!!! • one week from Thursday: class paper • try to use this editor (cloud, crowd, shroud project): https://drive.google.com/open?id=0B1AKbN_BN69aY0VncFNBYTdFc2M 30
CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in Ubiquitous and Cognitive Computing Beyond Weiser Eric C. Larson, Lyle School of Engineering, Computer Science and Engineering, Southern Methodist University 31 31
Back up Slides 32
what next ubicomp? • optional reading from Gregory Abowd CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in 33 Ubiquitous Computing
what next ubicomp? • ubicomp as a niche area doesn’t make sense • its too broad to be an area of computing • ubicomp research no longer has a well defined vision • ... its the job of industry now! (maybe) CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in 34 Ubiquitous Computing
weiser was right • scaled computing exists (albeit with some counterexamples) • interconnected devices are pervasive • different levels of ownership are pervasive • (don’t worry about disposable electronics) • ... and now the research is done CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in 35 Ubiquitous Computing
distinguished ubicomp • living laboratories • maker community • your-noise-is-my-signal • multi-disciplinary • has multi-disciplinary helped or harmed collaborative communities? (double duty) CSE5390 & 7390 Special Topics in 36 Ubiquitous Computing
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