CHILD HOMICIDES 2007-2016 North Carolina Child Fatality - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

� CHILD HOMICIDES � 2007-2016 North Carolina Child Fatality Prevention Team North Carolina Office of the Chief Medical Examiner Kerry Robbins, MS Meghan Shanahan, February, 6 2018 Ph.D.

Overview of North Carolina Child Death Data North Carolina child deaths Medical Examiner Accepted Cases Non-Medical Examiner Accepted Cases NC General Statute 130A-383 Natural cause and manner of death Reviewed Cases By CFPT Researcher Cases not reviewed by State Team Review Cases State Team NC General Statute 7B-1405 Review of Child Homicides 2007-2016 NC CFPT 2018

OBJECTIVES 1. Quantify all child homicide deaths from 2007-2016 A. Child homicide by parent or B. Child homicides not by caregiver parent or caregiver 2. Identify trends, improvements, etc. NC CFPT 2018

1. QUANTIFY ALL HOMICIDE DEATHS FROM 2007-2016 � NC CFPT 2018

Total Homicide 2007-2016 Parameters INCLUDED CRITERIA EXCLUDED CRITERIA • Age restriction: 0-17 • Age: 18+ years • Homicide • All other manners of death • OCME definition: One person taking life of another Total: 499 cases NC CFPT 2018

Total Homicide 2007-2016 Demographics Child Demographics Sex Race Male: 333 Black: 273 Female: 166 White: 159 Asian: 9 Native American: 8 Unknown-Hispanic: 41 Unknown: 9 NC CFPT 2018

Total Homicide 2007-2016 by Age Category 200 Total: 499 180 160 Less than 1 year: 91 140 Number of deaths 120 1-4 years: 132 100 80 5-9 years: 37 60 40 10-14 years: 54 20 0 15-17 years: 185 Less than 1 year 1-4 years 5-9 years 10 -14 years 15-17 years Age by category Homicide by Parent or Caregiver Homicides (non Parent/Caregiver) NC CFPT 2018

Total Homicide 2007-2016 by Year 80 Total: 499 70 2007: 67 60 2008: 64 2009: 37 50 2010: 45 2011: 43 40 2012: 50 30 2013: 46 2014: 38 20 2015: 53 2016: 56 10 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Homicide by parent/caregiver Homicide (non parent/caregiver) NC CFPT 2018

Total Homicide 2007-2016 by Means Total: 499 Abuse/Neglect 17 Homicide By Means Asphyxia 26 300 Blunt 144 Drowning 2 250 Environmental 3 200 Exposure 3 150 Fall/Jump 1 Fire/Burns 4 100 Gun 241 50 Malnutrition with failure to thrive 1 0 Motor vehicle 3 Other 7 Sharp 33 Smothering 1 Toxin 6 Homicide parent/caregiver Homicide (non parent/caregiver) Unknown 7 NC CFPT 2018

Total Homicide 2007-2016 Number of Homicides by County NC CFPT 2018

1. QUANTIFY PARENT OR CAREGIVER HOMICIDE DEATHS FROM 2007-2016 � NC CFPT 2018

Parent or Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 Parameters INCLUDED CRITERIA • Age restriction: 0-17 EXCLUDED CRITERIA • Homicides by ME Manner of death • Age: 18+ years • OCME definition: One person taking life of • All other manners of death another • Homicide by parent or caregiver • Child Fatality definition: Homicide by parent or caregiver is a death that is in the direct result of the action(s) of the person(s) responsible for the child’s well-being at the time of the death. This classification is assigned by the NC Child Fatality Prevention Team based on the injuries and Total: 257 of 499 (52%) circumstances of the death. NC CFPT 2018

Parent or Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 Demographics Child Demographics Sex Race Male: 143 Black: 111 Female: 114 White: 115 Asian: 4 Native American: 4 Unknown-Hispanic: 18 Unknown: 5 NC CFPT 2018

Parent or Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 by Age Category 140 Total: 257 120 Less than 1 year: 83 100 Number of deaths 1-4 years: 117 80 5-9 years: 26 60 10-14 years: 19 40 15-17 years: 12 20 0 Less than 1 year 1-4 years 5-9 year 10-14 years 15-17 years Year by age category NC CFPT 2018

Parent or Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 by Years 40 36 35 32 29 30 28 27 26 25 Number of deaths 25 20 20 17 15 15 10 5 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Year NC CFPT 2018

Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 by Means Total: 257 160 Abuse/Neglect 17 140 Asphyxia 22 120 Blunt 137 Number of deaths Drowning 2 100 Environmental 2 80 Exposure 3 60 Fire/Burns 3 Gun 42 40 Other 6 20 Sharp 11 0 Smothering 1 Toxin 5 Unknown 4 Malnutrition with 1 failure to thrive Motor vehicle 1 Means NC CFPT 2018

Number of Parent or Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 � by County of Residence Wake Pitt Guilford Mecklenburg Onslow Guilford NC CFPT 2018

Number of Parent or Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 � by County of Death Wake Mecklenburg Pitt Cumberland NC CFPT 2018

Parent or Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 Perpetrator Demographics Age Number Unspecified caretaker Under 18 21 Mother 6% 26% 19-29 153 Step-parent 5% 31-40 75 41-50 18 51+ 9 Mother's boyfriend Unknown 20 22% Sex Father Male 191 34% Mother Father Mother's boyfriend Female 89 Father's girlfriend Step-parent Sibling Babysitter Relative's boyfriend Extended relative Unknown 5 Grandparent Unspecified caretaker NC CFPT 2018

Most common Parent or Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 � Perpetrator Demographics Perpetrator Charge Perpetrator Conviction First degree murder 11 30 Second degree murder First degree murder 43 33 Involuntary Second degree Manslaughter murder Child Abuse ISBI 89 Murder 12 Child Abuse ISI Suicide 68 19 34 Child Abuse Felony Child Abuse 12 Unknown 9 30 Not convicted 27 NC CFPT 2018

1. QUANTIFY OTHER HOMICIDE DEATHS FROM 2007-2016 � *Other defined as Homicide not by parent or caregiver NC CFPT 2018

Non-Parent/Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 Parameters INCLUDED CRITERIA • Age: 18+ years • Age restriction: 0-17 • All other manners of death • Homicides outside of OCME Child Fatality • Death occurred under OCME Child definition of Homicide by Parent or Caregiver Fatality definition of Homicide by Parent or Caregiver EXCLUDED CRITERIA Total: 242 of 499 (48%) NC CFPT 2018

Non-Parent/Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 Demographics Child Demographics Sex Race Male: 190 Black: 162 Female: 52 White: 44 Asian: 5 Native American: 4 Unknown-Hispanic: 23 Unknown: 4 NC CFPT 2018

Non-Parent/Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 by Age Category 200 180 Total: 242 160 Less than 1 year: 8 140 Number of deaths 120 1-4 years: 15 100 5-9 years: 11 80 60 10-14 years: 35 40 15-17 years: 173 20 0 Less than 1 year 1-4 years 5-9 year 10-14 years 15-17 years Age by year category NC CFPT 2018

Non-Parent/Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 by Year 45 39 40 35 30 28 28 Number of deaths 25 25 23 21 21 20 19 20 18 15 10 5 0 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Year NC CFPT 2018

Non-Parent/Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 by Means 250 Total: 242 Asphyxia 4 200 Blunt 7 Environmental 1 Number of deaths 150 Fall/Jump 1 Fire/Burns 1 100 Gun 199 Motor vehicle 2 50 Other 1 Sharp 22 0 Toxin 1 Unknown 3 Means NC CFPT 2018

Number of Non-Parent/Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 by County of Residence Guilford Durham Mecklenburg Cumberland NC CFPT 2018

Number of Non-Parent/Caregiver Homicide 2007-2016 � by County of Death Wake Durham Nash Guilford Mecklenburg Pitt Cumberland NC CFPT 2018

2. IDENTIFY TRENDS, IMPROVEMENTS, ETC. � NC CFPT 2018

Full Picture • Age and means discrepancy in homicides by parent or caregiver vs homicides by non- parent or caregiver • Fairly even split between the two subcategories by year • Deaths are seen across the state, not concentrated in one county or region • Mothers and fathers are the primary perpetrators charged and convicted of these deaths • First degree murder is primary charge, however, such does not hold for convictions • Reminder that data presented are numbers, not rates. NC CFPT 2018