8/18/2010 Chapters 1 & 6 Intro to Graphics Communication & Technical Drawing Tools Scales A drawing acts as the reflection of the visual mind, on its surface we can probe, test, and develop the workings of our peculiar vision Edward Hill What is Graphics Communication? • Effective means of communicating technical ideas and problem solutions • 92% of design process is graphically based • 8% divided btw math, written, and verbal communication • 80% of our communication is verbal 1
8/18/2010 Mechanical Engineers/ Civil Engineers/ Manufacturing Engineers/ Designers/ Drafters Creative people who use technical means to solve problems – Design • Products • Systems • Devices • Structures – Concerned with practical aspects – Planning and production – Communicate by graphic sketching – Analyze solutions by specifying production procedures – Create technical drawings used to document the design – Create 3D models for initial design development – Produce final product of working 2D drawings – Concurrent engineering leader • Develop product over time using 3D software Designers… • Think about the many features of an object that cannot be communicated with verbal description • Take visual image in mind of engineer and create on paper or virtually on the screen using a solid modeling software. 2
8/18/2010 History of graphics communication Perspective Drawing 1568 1500 AD PDM- Product data Management Perspective using glass screen 3D Modeling Mid 1980’s PLM- Product Lifecycle Management http://www.3ds.com/index.php?id=5831 Paper Folding Instructions Need one sheet of paper Rules: • Do not look at others folding work. • Person giving instructions can only repeat once and cannot explain 1. Fold paper in half 2. Fold both outer corners into the center 3. Fold paper in half again 4. Rip 6 slits on the longest edge 5. Rip a tip off of the left corner 6. Rip two triangles out of the slanted edge 7. Unfold the paper 3
8/18/2010 Paper Folding Activity Were the instructions confusing? What would have made the instructions more clear? How does this relate to the need for an effective means of communication in design? www.yourbabycan.com 4 Areas of Communication • Spoken Language • Writing using symbols • Mathematics (Abstract symbol based) • Graphics What do these Mean? * / % + = - # 4
8/18/2010 What is Technical Graphics then? Real and complete language used in design process for: 1.Visualization 2.Communication 3.Documentation Drawings- Graphical representation of objects • Freehand sketch • Mechanical sketch-using tools (rulers, etc.) • Computer methods - CAD or other programs. Visual Science- Study of the processes that produce images in the mind Geometry- foundation for technical graphics such as grammar is for language 5
8/18/2010 Shapes are the building block for technical graphics Plane Geometry Solid Geometry Descriptive Geometry - analysis of space distances and relationships using graphics Analytic Geometry – analysis of structures using algebraic operations and position coordinates Conventions - commonly accepted practices, rules, or methods. (Dashed lines, center lines) Standards - Set of rules that govern how technical drawings are represented ANSI- American national standards institute 6
8/18/2010 Current Standard? ANSI Y14.5M-2009 example with GD&T Pick a partner Describe verbally to partner that sketches without looking at slide (3 Minutes) 7
8/18/2010 Sketching Techniques/ Tools Media Types & Sizes • Grid Paper • Vellum • Bond Roll • Sheet sizes recommended by ANSI A 8 1/2 X 11 B 17 X 11 C 22 X 17 D 34 X 22 E 44 X 34 F 40 X 28 8
8/18/2010 Scales Scale Factors: 1:1= 1:2= 1:4= 2:1= 1:10= Mechanical Engineers Scale (Precision) 1:10 or 1/10 = .1” 1:20 or 1/20 =.05” 1:30 or 1/30 = .033” 1:40 or 1/40 = .025” 1:50 or 1/50 = .02” 1:60 or 1/60 = .017” MATH!! .x= .xx= .xxx= AB -10 scale = BC - 20 scale = CD – 30 scale = DE – 40 scale = EF – 50 scale = FG – 60 scale = 9
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