Boo ook Acq cquis isitio ion in n the the (ne (new) era er a of of dig digit ital l ed educatio ion (Edit/crop photo to align within this space) 3 June 2020 Zoe Loveland, Sr Director Regional Marketing EMEAI Cherry Otto, Market Development Manager EMEAI
Agenda Pre-COVID Books Acquisitions Market Research key findings overview – Spend on Books – Library Budgets Trends for Books – Purchasing Decisions – Supplier Selection Post-COVID Key trends and insights from the use of Ebook Central platform 2
Introduction: What can we learn from the pre-COVID world? Higher Education Book purchasing was in transition to e-first even before COVID-19 accelerated the need ProQuest surveyed librarians in higher education institutions across the UK in February this year The results provide insight into a market that was increasingly transitioning to be ‘e - first’ to meet changing user needs and ability to provide wider access via the increasing variety of eBook models available This transition was being impacted (positively and negatively) by factors such as reading list preferences, print preferences for some courses, flat and decreasing budgets for books 3
Poll Question 1 In the coming academic year, which of the following areas do you expect will see the largest relative increase in the need for library resources and support from library staff? A. Providing content, training, and other support for teaching. B. Helping faculty and others to further their research. C. Communicating new procedures and other changes to library users. D. Managing staff, revising processes and workflow, adjusting usage of offices, public spaces, and other building issues. 4
UK Book Acquisition and Market Trends Survey Responses from 65 universities in UK Understand the current UK books acquisition landscape and identify key trends impacting: • Budgets • Buying decisions Research • Supplier choice objectives Respondents by Institution Type Respondents by Consortium Membership 44% 48% 19% 17% 19% 8% 6% 6% 8% 8% 8% 6% 4% Russell Group 1960s University Post-1992 Post-2000 Specialist Other SUPC NEYAL APUC LUPC NOWAL MUAL WHELF 5
Current Spend on Books (pre-COVID) 6
Ebook and Print Book spend is equally split in libraries in UK Average spend by institutions across survey responses Range from: • 20% print/80% electronic (5 respondents) Ebooks 50.7% • 80% print/20% electronic (3 respondents) Print Books 49.3% 7
The transition of budget to ebooks is happening in the majority of libraries Increases due to • EBA and DDA models being used more by libraries • Increase in user demand for ebooks • Introduction of institutional e-first policies 78% of respondents reported that Types of institution with most increase in ebook spend expenditure on ebooks had increased and on print decreased • Russell Group Universities: more likely to be spending on EBA and ebook over the past three years publisher collections • Post 1992 Universities: buying title by title from aggregators 8
Changing user needs have the greatest influence on electronic spend Key Changing User Needs 68% Accessibility Increase in distance learning courses 53% 44% 37% “ ebooks are preferred because they are more accessible for visually impaired students” 10% 2% Changing user Institutional Student numbers Changing academic Political climate Other needs funding portfolio 9
Budget Trends 10
Budget Trends Annual Books Budgets Of Respondents Less than £50k 17% £50k-£250k 29% 24% £250k-£500k 10% Average spend of overall content £500k-£1M 19% budget on books £1M - £3M 11% Prefer not to say 14% 11
68% of respondents have seen flat or decreasing books budgets for past 3 years Reasons Stated For Decreases Decreased No Change Books budget being used to accommodate increased 42% 26% costs of journals “Reducing expenditure on books is generally easier than reducing subscription spend” “The whole resources budget is under pressure – print loans are falling year on year so the print budget will be going through the same process that the journals budget has been through – Increased a smaller more tightly focused spend on print” 32% 12
75% of respondents thought that further changes to the books budget over next 3 years was very/likely Ebook bundles - There will be more emphasis on e-book deals rather than title-by-title acquisition; this changes the way purchasing decisions are made Etextbooks - An increase in etextbook provision will put pressure on the monograph budget VAT - If VAT is removed from electronic resources, the university may claw back some of the resources fund* Brexit - The political situation and associated recruitment issues (staff and students) are expected to bring profound change Distance learning - The introduction of more off-campus courses means less need for print books and more need for ebooks *Since the survey was completed, it has been announced that VAT was removed from ebooks on 1 May 2020. 13
Purchasing Decisions 14
Purchasing Decisions: Multi-user access and price are the highest valued attributes in ebooks Which attributes do you rate as most important when selecting ebooks? 15
80% of respondents are using resource list software to support purchase decisions No 20% Is the resource list the primary vehicle for determining purchase decisions in your library? Yes 80% 16
70% of respondents are using commercial suppliers resource list software 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Commercial Suppliers University's Own System None 17
Resource lists are gradually taking on more types of content Content on resource lists is changing 45% Lecturers are adding more content types Software introduction has led to an increasing number of resource lists More ‘just -in- time’ reading lists e.g. for weekly assignments Materials which are more inclusive (gender/race/inclusive theories) 16% 16% 15% 15% Materials which are accessible for students with disabilities Addition of VLE content More types of Getting longer Getting shorter Different types of Other content included content dominate 18
Supplier Choice 19
Library suppliers and aggregators are the main source of both print books and ebooks 94% 92% 80% 59% 23% 8% 6% 2% 2% 0% Library suppliers/ Online retailers Direct from publishers Direct from Other aggregators authors (OERS) Print Books Ebooks 20
Libraries typically resort to more than one ebook business model Library suppliers / Title-by-title 82% aggregators Collection subscription 52% E-textbooks 32% Collection subscription 53% Direct from publishers Collection purchase 52% Title-by-title 50% DDA 58% Publishers + aggregators Open Access 53% EBA 44% Crowdfunding 6% Other Other 5% 21
Russell Group and 1960s universities bought using more buying models and suppliers 1960s University Russell Group aggregators Title-by-title aggregators suppliers / Title-by-title suppliers / Library Library Collection subscription Collection subscription E-textbooks E-textbooks More content Collection subscription Direct from Direct from Collection subscription publishers publishers purchased direct Collection purchase Collection purchase Title-by-title Title-by-title from publishers & publishers & publishers Aggregators DDA Aggregators DDA Open Access Open Access EBA EBA Crowdfunding Crowdfunding Other Other Other Other 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% Post-1992 Post-2000 More title by title aggregators Title-by-title suppliers / aggregators Title-by-title suppliers / purchases from Library Library Collection subscription Collection subscription aggregators and E-textbooks E-textbooks library suppliers Collection subscription Direct from publishers Direct from Collection subscription publishers Collection purchase Collection purchase Title-by-title Title-by-title Aggregators & publishers DDA Aggregators & publishers DDA Open Access Open Access EBA EBA Crowdfunding Crowdfunding Other Other Other Other 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 22
UK librarians weigh up many pros and cons across ebook models 1/2 “At the moment there is no perfect model. They are all useful” Preferred Model Advantages of Preferred Model Disadvantages of Preferred Model • Meets resource list demands • Some material not used when librarian chooses Title-by-title • Aids budget control • DRM is more restrictive, “but functionality largely OK” • If aggregator-supplied: • Not all the titles wanted available – Not lots of contracts – Can check for availability against print – Ease of both acquisition and payment • Simple, straightforward • Can’t always get wanted titles Aggregator subscription collections • Meets specific requirements within a range of subjects 23
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