Bloxy: P roviding Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Bloxy: P roviding Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems, October 4, 2019 Signe Rüsch, Kai Bleeke, Rüdiger Kapitza ruesch@ibr.cs.tu-bs.de Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany

Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion Blockchain Technology for Industry Usage Transactions are stored decentralised and tamper-proof Permissioned blockchains: Number of users and access to data regulated Interesting for companies and organisations Several use cases: supply chain management, distributed storage, … Block n Block n+1 Block n+2 tx1 tx11 tx21 tx2 tx12 tx22 … … … Hash h(n-1) Hash h(n) Hash h(n+1) 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 2 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion Blockchain Technology for Industry Usage Transactions are stored decentralised and tamper-proof Permissioned blockchains: Number of users and access to data regulated Interesting for companies and organisations Several use cases: supply chain management, distributed storage, … Byzantine fault tolerant ( BFT ) protocols: Consensus even with participants showing arbitrarily wrong behaviour Suitable for block creation Block n Block n+1 Block n+2 tx1 tx11 tx21 tx2 tx12 tx22 … … … Hash h(n-1) Hash h(n) Hash h(n+1) 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 2 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion Blockchain Technology for Industry Usage Transactions are stored decentralised and tamper-proof Permissioned blockchains: Number of users and access to data regulated Interesting for companies and organisations Several use cases: supply chain management, distributed storage, … Byzantine fault tolerant ( BFT ) protocols: Consensus even with participants showing arbitrarily wrong behaviour Suitable for block creation Different use cases lead to different requirements for consensus! Block n Block n+1 Block n+2 tx1 tx11 tx21 tx2 tx12 tx22 … … … Hash h(n-1) Hash h(n) Hash h(n+1) 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 2 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion BFT P rotocols Common structure: Client sends request Replicas order and execute request Client performs majority voting on replies 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 3 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion BFT P rotocols Algorand HoneyBadgerBFT Common structure: FastBFT OmniLedger Latency Client sends request Replicas order and execute request Client performs majority voting on Throughput Scalability replies Optimized for different aspects: Scalability: Algorand [1] Throughput: OmniLedger [2] Latency: FastBFT [3] Synchrony (A)Synchrony: HoneyBadgerBFT [4] [1] Gilad et al., SOSP’17 [2] Kokoris-Kogias et al., IEEE S&P’18 [3] Liu et al., 2016 [4] Miller et al., CCS’16 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 3 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion BFT P rotocols Algorand HoneyBadgerBFT Common structure: FastBFT OmniLedger Latency Client sends request Replicas order and execute request Client performs majority voting on Throughput Scalability replies Optimized for different aspects: Scalability: Algorand [1] Throughput: OmniLedger [2] Latency: FastBFT [3] Synchrony (A)Synchrony: HoneyBadgerBFT [4] [1] Gilad et al., SOSP’17 [2] Kokoris-Kogias et al., IEEE S&P’18 [3] Liu et al., 2016 No one-size-fits-all BFT solution! [4] Miller et al., CCS’16 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 3 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion BFT P rotocols Algorand HoneyBadgerBFT Common structure: FastBFT OmniLedger Latency Client sends request Replicas order and execute request Client performs majority voting on Throughput Scalability replies Optimized for different aspects: Scalability: Algorand [1] Throughput: OmniLedger [2] Latency: FastBFT [3] Synchrony (A)Synchrony: HoneyBadgerBFT [4] [1] Gilad et al., SOSP’17 [2] Kokoris-Kogias et al., IEEE S&P’18 [3] Liu et al., 2016 No one-size-fits-all BFT solution! [4] Miller et al., CCS’16 Allow operators to choose protocol fitting to use case ! 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 3 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

Client Peers OSNs Ordering Service 1 2 3 4 5 Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion H yperledger Fabric Permissioned blockchain platform [Androulaki et al., EuroSys’18] Modular design with pluggable consensus 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 4 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion H yperledger Fabric Permissioned blockchain platform [Androulaki et al., EuroSys’18] Modular design with pluggable consensus Transaction flow : Client Peers OSNs � Peers execute transaction 1 Ordering Service 1 � Client collects endorsements 2 2 � Client sends transaction to be 3 3 ordered 4 � Ordering Service Nodes (OSNs) 4 distribute blocks 5 � Peers validate transactions 5 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 4 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

R R OSN ? ? R R ? ? O O O O C P P P Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion Ordering Services in Fabric No fault tolerance: Solo OSN R R Crash-fault tolerance: Apache Kafka R R Byzantine fault tolerance: BFT-SMaRt O O O O [Sousa et al., DSN’18] C P P P P: Peers C: Client R: Replica O: Orderer F: Frontend 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 5 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

R R OSN ? ? R R ? ? O O O O C P P P Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion Ordering Services in Fabric No fault tolerance: Solo OSN R R R R Crash-fault tolerance: Apache Kafka Byzantine fault tolerance: BFT-SMaRt F F F F [Sousa et al., DSN’18] C P P P BFT integration showed Fabric’s shortcomings: Client tasks compromise pluggability “Frontend” : Fabric orderer now part of peer P: Peers C: Client R: Replica O: Orderer F: Frontend 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 5 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

R R OSN ? ? R R ? ? O O O O C P P P Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion Ordering Services in Fabric No fault tolerance: Solo OSN R R R R Crash-fault tolerance: Apache Kafka Byzantine fault tolerance: BFT-SMaRt F F F F [Sousa et al., DSN’18] C P P P BFT integration showed Fabric’s shortcomings: Client tasks compromise pluggability “Frontend” : Fabric orderer now part of peer Positioned on all peer nodes → Severely reduced modularity P: Peers C: Client R: Replica O: Orderer F: Frontend 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 5 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks

R R OSN ? ? R R ? ? O O O O C P P P Motivation Hyperledger Fabric Bloxy Evaluation Related Work Conclusion Ordering Services in Fabric No fault tolerance: Solo OSN R R R R Crash-fault tolerance: Apache Kafka Byzantine fault tolerance: BFT-SMaRt F F F F [Sousa et al., DSN’18] C P P P BFT integration showed Fabric’s shortcomings: Client tasks compromise pluggability “Frontend” : Fabric orderer now part of peer Positioned on all peer nodes → Severely reduced modularity Re-implementation for all protocols needed P: Peers C: Client R: Replica O: Orderer F: Frontend 2019-10-04 Signe Rüsch Page 5 Institute of Operating Systems Bloxy : Providing Transparent and Generic BFT-Based Ordering Services for Blockchains and Computer Networks