EGSA 2008 Annual Spring Convention EGSA 2008 Annual Spring Convention Biodiesel and Power Generation and Power Generation Biodiesel Larry B. Barrett Larry B. Barrett March 17, 2008 March 17, 2008
“The use of vegetable oils for engine fuels may seem insignificant today, but such oils may become, in the course of time, as important as petroleum and the coal-tar products of the present.” Rudolf Diesel, April 13, 1912
Domestically Produced Biodiesel Vegetable Oils
The Biodiesel Process The Biodiesel Process
One bushel of soy produces 1 ½ gallon of diesel Energy ratio approximately 1 to 3
Active and Proposed Biodiesel Plants Active and Proposed Biodiesel Plants
450 450 Million Biodiesel Production (millions of gallons) Biodiesel Production (millions of gallons) 400 350 300 250 Million 250 200 150 75 Million 100 50 25 Million 20 Million 15 Million 2 Million 5 Million 0 2000 2002 2004 2006
Why is biodiesel biodiesel becoming so popular? becoming so popular? Why is � Acceptable storage and performance � Acceptable storage and performance � Support for the environment � Support for the environment � Support for agriculture � Support for agriculture � Reduce oil imports � Reduce oil imports � Federal mandates � Federal mandates � Alternative use vehicles � Alternative use vehicles � Renewable energy � Renewable energy � Federal incentives: production tax credit; excise tax credit � Federal incentives: production tax credit; excise tax credit � State mandates � State mandates � Transportation blends for general public � Transportation blends for general public � Transportation blends for state and local government vehicles � Transportation blends for state and local government vehicles � Carbon sequestration, renewable energy credits � Carbon sequestration, renewable energy credits � Politically correct � Politically correct
Performance comparison Performance comparison Biodiesel posseses Biodiesel posseses Biodiesel Biodiesel Petrodiesel Petrodiesel “Little Little” ” power difference (Btu/g) power difference (Btu/g) 118,170 129,050 “ 118,170 129,050 Lubricity (grams) > 7,000 2000 - - 5000 5000 Lubricity (grams) > 7,000 2000 Higher flash point (º ºC) C) 100 to 170 60 to 80 Higher flash point ( 100 to 170 60 to 80 Higher cloud point (º ºC) C) -3 to 12 3 to 12 -15 to 5 15 to 5 Higher cloud point ( - - Higher pour point (º ºC) C) -15 to 10 15 to 10 -35 to 35 to - -15 15 Higher pour point ( - - Higher cetane cetane number number 48 – – 65 65 40 – – 55 55 Higher 48 40 Lower shelf life (months) 6 12 Lower shelf life (months) 6 12
Other biodiesel biodiesel performance aspects performance aspects Other � NOx � NOx emissions reduced emissions reduced � Decrease with stationary engines 20% with B20 � Decrease with stationary engines 20% with B20 � Decrease with engine timing retard (1 � Decrease with engine timing retard (1 – – 5 degrees) 5 degrees) � Sulfur emissions reduced � Sulfur emissions reduced � 100% reduction with B100 � 100% reduction with B100 � 20% reduction with B20 � 20% reduction with B20 � Biodiesel � Biodiesel adds lubricity for low sulfur fuels adds lubricity for low sulfur fuels � Solvent effect can clog filters � Solvent effect can clog filters � Higher � Higher cetane cetane means easier starts and less noise means easier starts and less noise � Non � Non- -toxic and biodegradable toxic and biodegradable � No soot � No soot – – no black cloud no black cloud � No stink � No stink - - smells good smells good
Economic considerations for biodiesel biodiesel Economic considerations for � No retrofit cost: drop � No retrofit cost: drop- -in fuel in fuel � Higher fuel cost (1 � Higher fuel cost (1 ¢ ¢/g per 1 percent blend) /g per 1 percent blend) � Lower maintenance costs � Lower maintenance costs � Emission credits � Emission credits � Manufacturer warranties void above B5 for � Manufacturer warranties void above B5 for most and B20 for a few engines most and B20 for a few engines � Fuel quality management � Fuel quality management � Other � Other
Power generation benefits of biodiesel biodiesel Power generation benefits of � Turning dirty engines into green engines � Turning dirty engines into green engines � Emission reduction � Emission reduction � Carbon trading � Carbon trading � Renewable portfolio standards � Renewable portfolio standards � Operating for peak power � Operating for peak power � Operating for demand response � Operating for demand response � Reliability service � Reliability service � Economic dispatch � Economic dispatch
Positive experience with power production Positive experience with power production � � Utilities Utilities � � Minnesota Minnesota � � Tennessee Tennessee � � Hawaii Hawaii � � Colorado Colorado � � Alaska Alaska � � Vermont Vermont � � Government agencies Government agencies � � Defense Defense � � Interior Interior � � Others Others � � Independent power producers Independent power producers � � Co- Co -generation generation � � Manufacturing plants Manufacturing plants
Questions and Comments Questions and Comments Larry B. Barrett Larry B. Barrett Barrett Consulting Associates, Inc. Barrett Consulting Associates, Inc. P.O. Box 60429 P.O. Box 60429 Colorado Springs, CO 80960 Colorado Springs, CO 80960 719- -634 634- -4468 4468 719 BarrettLarry@comcast.net BarrettLarry@comcast.net
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