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Better Buildings, Better Click To Edit Master Title Style Bodies: Strategies for Health & Wellness March 5, 2019 3:00 – 4:00 PM EST

Today’s Presenters Name Organization Three3 Beth Hawkins Kilroy Realty Sara Neff Megan O’Neil City of Atlanta, GA 3

Beth Hawkins Three3

PRELIMINA NARY R RESULTS TS: HEALTH-REL ELATED ED N NON- Beth Hawkins ThreeCubed, Inc. ENE NERGY I IMPACTS O OF WEATHERI ERIZING AFFORD RDABLE E MULTIF IFAMIL ILY H HOUSIN ING U.S. Department of Energy’s Better Buildings Webinar March 5 2019 Better Buildings, Better Bodies: Strategies for Health & Wellness

Sponsors •The JPB Foundation & Utility Program Administrators in Massachusetts Key Team Members •Three 3 – Beth Hawkins, Bruce Tonn, Erin Rose, Michaela Marincic •Slipstream – Claire Cowan, Scott Pigg, David Vigliotta & many others •NMR Group – Greg Clendenning, Nicole Rosenberg, Christine Smaglia & many others •University of Tennessee, Center for Applied Research and Evaluation – Linda Daugherty, Amy Melton ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Contributors •Weatherization Agencies (e.g., CEDA, La Casa, Project Home, Racine Kenosha CAA, AEA, NMIC, SPRC, ABCD, Action Inc., RISE, CEO, 3EThermal) •Building Owners (e.g., LUCHA, Mercy Housing, Related Midwest) •Utilities (e.g., National Grid, Eversource) •State Weatherization Offices (e.g., WI, VT, NH) •Energy Efficiency For All State Leads •Participants of Planning Workshops in NYC, Chicago and Knoxville

• Research Project Overview • Overview of Non-Energy Impacts OUTLINE • Phase 1 Survey Findings* • Sample Characterization • Health Impacts • Budget Impacts *Note: Results presented herein are based on preliminary analysis of Phase I results only. Please do not cite figures from this presentation in formal reports, papers or presentations.

RESEARCH PROJECT ESSENTIALS Goals • Estimate health related non-energy impacts (NEIs) of weatherization in affordable multifamily housing sector • Impact policy Hypothesis • Single-family (SF) NEIs should not be generalized to multifamily (MF) housing Sample • Buildings w/ 5+ units located in: IL, MA, NYC, PA, RI, VT, and WI Eligible buildings • Weatherized - Comparison with Treatment (CwT) • Pre-weatherized - Treatment (T) • Not weatherized - Control (C)

KEY PROJECT COMPONENTS • Resident Survey • Monetization of Non-Energy Impacts • Property Manager Survey • Property Owner Interviews • Data With a Soul

THE HUMAN STORY “I love good food but have to cut back on Just a glimpse… groceries in the “We have to stay winter to stay warm.” with other people in the winter. It’s too cold to stay home.” “My upper respiratory “Winter is murder on my issues get much worse in arthritis. I use space the cold. Sometimes I heaters but I worry they cannot stop coughing and are a fire hazard.” have to go to the emergency room for breathing treatments.” “I would [be able to afford to] do more things with my kids if I had lower energy bills.”

HOW WEATHERIZATION CAN YIELD HEALTH IMPACTS noise pollution

DEMOGRAPHICS OF RESIDENT SURVEY RESPONDENTS Weatherized (CwT) Pre-weatherized (T) Not weatherized (C) (N=725) (N=552) (N=1171) 64 56 58 Respondent Age (mean) *** 62% 59% 55% Gender (female) * 18% 22% 19% Primary Wage Earner Employed 58% 38% 42% Primary Wage Earner Retired *** 1.4 1.7 1.4 Household Size (mean) *** 77% 60% 76% Single Person Household *** Respondent Education 10% 15% 14% No high school diploma 35% 32% 36% High school graduate 21% 18% 25% Some college* 23% 15% 19% College graduate* Race/Ethnicity 11% 41% 9% Hispanic or Latino Origin *** 60% 41% 35% White *** 22% 24% 53% Black or African-American *** 8% 1% 1% Asian *** 0.8% 0.6% 0.6% Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander 5% 14% 7% Other (if volunteered) *** 3% 12% 3% Hispanic or Latino (if volunteered) *** * Difference is statistically significant at the p<.05 level. ** Difference is statistically significant at the p<.01 level. *** Difference is statistically significant at the p<.001 level.

HEALTH AND BUDGET RELATED Resident Survey NON-ENERGY IMPACTS Phase 1 statistical results presented are comparisons between the weatherized (CwT) group and the unweatherized group (Treatment plus Control group)—utilizing a cross-sectional approach.

MF HEALTH AND BUDGET NEIs Temperature Struggle to pay Heat home Very drafty Visible mold unsafe energy bill with oven Decreased Decreased Decreased Decreased Decreased 5% 11% 11% 12% 7% Extreme cold Extreme cold Did not eat Asthma Asthma ED visits non-urgent care for 24 hours ED visits hospitalizations Mean decrease Mean decrease Decreased Mean decrease Mean decrease .02 .03 3% .6 .03

EXPLORATORY MF HEALTH NEIs 70% Pre- Post- 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Arthritis symptoms Diabetes symptoms Urgent care for Frequency/severity (within 3 months)* (within 3 months)* COPD flareup* of headaches *Of those that reported yes to being diagnosed with the specific chronic condition

DWELLING QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS Low-income MF weatherization can also improve sense of wellbeing and quality of life. 25% Pre- Post- 20% 15% 10% 5% 0% Rodent Feeling unsafe Darkness Infiltration of Frequency of Infiltration of infestation on property around exterior unpleasant sleep outdoor noise of building odors (very disturbances often) (noise)

POTENTIAL WELLBEING AND QUALITY OF LIFE IMPACTS ( In the last 30 days, how many days*… ) ( Agree or strongly agree that… ) 80% 8 Pre- Post- Pre- Post- 7 60% 6 5 40% 4 3 20% 2 1 0% 0 People in my People in my People in my I am proud # of days poor # of days # of days poor building building feel building are to call this sleep mental health health limited help each like they committed building my was "not usual activities other belong to a to the well- home good" community being of the community *Mean # of days

CONCLUDING THOUGHTS • Results support the general hypothesis that weatherization can improve the health and wellbeing of residents of affordable MF housing. • SF vs MF: o Occupants experience same social determinants of health and wellbeing o BUT different building structures, systems, and weatherization packages impact health and other NEIs differently o Therefore, SF NEIs should not be generalized to MF housing • MF system offers additional opportunities in such areas as social cohesion and community resilience.

Contact: Beth Hawkins, Vice-President Three 3 , Inc. THANK YOU! bhawkins@threecubed.org www.threecubed.org Knoxville, Tennessee, USA *Note: Results presented herein are based on preliminary analysis of Phase I results only. Please do not cite figures from this presentation in formal reports, papers or presentations.

Sara Neff Kilroy Realty

Better Buildings and Better Bodies in Commercial Real Estate Sara Neff, Senior Vice President, Sustainability Kilroy Realty Corporation

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Megan O’Neil

City of Atlanta Mayor ’s Offic e of Re silie nc e ME GAN O’NE IL , E NE RGY PROGRAMS MANAGE R