AUTHORS BioNB 4240 Discussion: Sep. 7, 2011 Karin Zhu Karin Zhu - PDF document

9/7/2011 AUTHORS BioNB 4240 Discussion: Sep. 7, 2011 Karin Zhu Karin Zhu Rafael Yuste and David W. Tank (1996): Dr. Rafael Yuste Dr. David W. Tank Dendritic Integration in Mammalian Professor, Biological Sciences and Neuroscience Professor, Molecular Biology and Physics Neurons, a Century after Cajal Co ‐ director, The Kavli Institute for Brain Science Consultant, Bell Laboratories and Lucent Technologies Investigator, Howard Hughes Medical Institute Lewis ‐ Sigler Institute for Integrative Genomics Columbia University Princeton University Dr. Rafael Yuste Dr. David W. Tank • M.D., Universidad Autonoma (Madrid) • B.S., Case Western Reserve U., Physics and Mathematics • Worked with Leslie Barnett and Sydney Brenner • Ph.D., Cornell U., Physics at Cambridge • Ph.D. under Larry Katz in Torsten Wiesel’s lab, • Postdoctoral, Bell Labs y , , Rockefeller U. in New York • member of the National Academy of Sciences • Postdoctoral under David W. Tank at Bell Labs • served on advisory committee for the McKnight • joined the Columbia faculty in 1996 Foundation • area of research: synapses and circuits, • area of research: measurement and analysis of theoretical neuroscience neural circuit dynamics Neuron Cajal’s “Law of Functional Polarization” • sub ‐ journal under Cell • Neuron impact factor: 14.027 (2010); Cell impact factor: 32.401 (2010) (2010) • previous review series: stem cells, addiction, child brain development, neurogenetics, neural ‐ immune interactions 1

9/7/2011 Passive Dendrites and Cable Theory Dendritic Boosting from Renshaw (1942) Active Dendrites Imaging Techniques • Sensitive optical indicators of [Calcium] • cCCD • Patch ‐ clamp + infrared Patch clamp infrared video • Confocal microscopy • Two ‐ photon microscopy from Stuart and Hausser, 1994 from Kandel and Spencer, 1960 So what are the properties of How do neurons initiate spikes? dendrites? • primarily • varies from neuron to axonal/somatic neuron • but the role of • “influenced by influenced by calcium? conductances that are active at rest” • basically unknown from Stuart and Sakmann, 1994 2

9/7/2011 Inhibition and Turning off Dendrites How do dendritic trees work? • “the intrinsic properties of neurons can turn off • smallest functional certain dendrites in an activity ‐ dependent fashion” compartment is a spine • activity from one dendrite affects the rest • spine � soma, but • dendrites are just another branch point dendrites are just another branch point soma � all spines • example: horizontal cell • functional interaction by separate compartments Llinás and Sugimori, 1980 Dendrites as Output • antidromic spikes • possibility of closed circuits comprised entirely of dendrites Considerations for the Future SUMMARY • Cajal’s law of • active conductance in dendrites “functional • antidromic spikes and their purpose polarization” still • roles of different compartments stands…for the most • spatial inputs • spatial inputs part part • dendrites are active • temporal codes • the property of • logic of dendrites dendrites varies widely • dendrite activity during behavior • Neuroscience is technique ‐ driven 3