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ARCHIVE’S MISSION Operating in the spaces of development, health, and architecture, we prioritize housing design as a key strategy in combating disease around the world.
Health and Inadequate Housing + + Walls and roofs Unsanitary food storage and eaves + + Windows, doors, Unsanitary water conditions + Pollution and lack of ventilation + + Dirt floors Sanitation
Health and Design Interventions Durable Ventilation Wall Material Screening Sanitation Clean Floors Quality Strategies Upgrading Diarrheal Disease Chagas Acute Respiratory Infections Tuberculosis Anemia Asthma Water-borne Disease Malaria Dengue
Health and Design Interventions Ventilation Wall Material Screening Sanitation Durable Quality Strategies Upgrading Clean Floors Diarrheal Disease Chagas Acute Respiratory Infections Tuberculosis Anemia Asthma Water-borne Disease Malaria Dengue
BUILDING MALARIA PREVENTION Cameroon, 2013 - 2016
BUILDING MALARIA PREVENTION Cameroon, 2013 - 2016 PROJECT DESCRIPTION + 12% of the total deaths in Cameroon, and 23% of the total deaths in children under the age of 5 were caused by malaria in 2012 + Project Location: Minkoameyos and Bonamoussadi communities in Yaoundé, Cameroon + Partners: Cameroon Coalition Against Malaria (CCAM), and the University of Yaounde + Community Randomized Controlled Study: - Baseline survey - Community participation - Conduct pilot Random Clinical Trials (RCT): - Intervention group - Improved housing - Control group - Conventional prevention strategy - Data collection and analysis
BUILDING MALARIA PREVENTION Cameroon, 2013 - 2016 PROJECT OUTCOME + 264 households improved (1,314 beneficiaries) + 5202 people trained in home improvements for disease prevention + Malaria prevention awareness provided to 100,800 people + Decrease of malaria-carrying mosquitos by 50% in homes + 20% reduction in malaria incidence
MALARIA PROOFING HOMES Namibia 2016-Present
MALARIA PROOFING HOMES Namibia, 2015 - 2017 PROJECT DESCRIPTION + Namibian government aims to eliminate Malaria in Namibia by 2020 . + In 2016, 2,900 people had confirmed cases of malaria + Seeking innovative , affordable , and effective interventions + Project Location: 6 villages in Northern Namibia: Mashosho, Simanya, Onoonga, Oupale, Onandjamba A, Omatako (Communities prioritized based on risk and focus group/survey results) + Partners: Clinton Health Access Initiative, DXA Studio, Malaria No More, Ministry of Health and Social Services + Training manuals were developed for community members and carpenters + Materials sourced from local suppliers , making the implementations easily replicable
MALARIA PROOFING HOMES Namibia, 2015 - 2017 PROJECT OUTCOME + 989 structures were improved (929 structures are sleeping structures) + 89% of household members were sleeping in improved structures 3 months after intervention + 933 windows screened, 502 eaves screened, 1,121 doors screened + Homeowners gave an average satisfaction rating of 4.12 out of 5
Before Intervention After Intervention Overhang of metal roof By bending the metal and causes standing water creating a drip edge, the rain during the rainy season water deflects away from the that attracts mosquitoes walls, dispersing the water By applying spray foam to the Open eaves allow for open eaves, the mosquito’s mosquitoes to enter entry is blocked × By applying spray foam to the Open eaves allow for open eaves, the mosquito’s mosquitoes to enter entry is blocked × By filling gaps between Gap between wall and the wall and wood frame, woodframe allows mosquitoes are not able to mosquito entry enter the home easily.
INTERVENTIONS FOR MALARIA PREVENTION Swaziland 2017
INTERVENTIONS FOR MALARIA PREVENTION Swaziland, 2017 PROJECT DESCRIPTION + 625 cases of Malaria in 2016 - government aims to eliminate entirely by 2020 + Elimination methods must be strategic and sustainable + National Malaria Control Program identified high risk communities which also had low-quality housing + Partners: Clinton Health Access Initiative, Swaziland National Malaria Control Program (NMCP), Article 25
INTERVENTIONS FOR MALARIA PREVENTION Swaziland, 2017 PROJECT OUTCOMES + Four villages provided with interventions + Community members trained on the relationship between health and housing + 1,600 structures received interventions + Increased beneficiary knowledge of mosquito habits and screen maintenance through training.
min.50 Read detail in conjunction Cement plaster frame: with general specification (page 10) make sure that the plaster frame min.60 90 creates an even surface to receive the frame without gaps all around; in case there are still gaps between the fixed window frame 90° and the plaster seal them with New screened plaster or thin gaps with silicone window 1 / 3 Burglar-bar (existing) Support-bar: 38 x 38 mm (d), only for window heights Support-bar: 38 x 38 mm (d), over 1200 mm clear opening only for window heights over Inside Outside 1200 mm Cement plaster frame: 2 / 3 make sure that the Existing New screened plaster frame creates window window an even surface to receive the frame without gaps all around; Screw + in case there are still screw anchor gaps between the fixed window frame and the min.60 plaster seal them with plaster or thin gaps with Min. distance of fixing point 90 silicone from the plaster edge Latches B-B Vertical Section Elevation Burglar-bar Existing Central window stop: Outside (existing) window 19 x 38 mm (1/2d) Screw + fixed to back of frame screw anchor Wood strip: 10 x 15 mm (1/3b) Cement plaster frame nailed to frame Min. plaster Cement plaster frame Aluminium 50 thickness flyscreen: Screw + 1.5 x 1.5 mm New screened Detail 2 screw anchor Detail 1 Outer window stop: window clear opening 90 min.60 min.60 90 19 x 50 mm (c) Min. screw distance fixed to back of frame Inside from the plaster edge 60 60 Frame: Min. distance of fixing point 38 x 38 mm (d) to avoid cracking Frame: 38 x 38 mm (d) from the plaster edge Handles: Hinge 10 x 38 x 15 mm (a) Detail 1 Detail 2 A-A Horizontal Section if the roof is too low to open the Cement plaster frame new door outside create a window to Read detail in conjunction Plywood: 4 mm bridge the gap between the highest New or existing with general specification (page 10) Wood strip: point of the frame and the lowest to seal all joists door frame 19 x 25 mm (1/2c) point of the roof of the filling to seal any gaps between the Cement plaster Filling: DO NOT SHORTEN THE Window frame: new door and the steel frame frame: THATCHED ROOF! 19 x 50 mm (c) 38 x 38 mm (d) to seal any gaps between the frame (new or old) and the wall Wood strip: 76 x 25 mm (1/2f), to seal Aluminium flyscreen: any gaps between the new Wood strip: 1.5 x 1.5 mm door and the steel frame 10 x 38 mm (a), nailed to frame Wood strip: Chicken wire (outside) + 19 x 25 mm (1/2c), to seal Aluminium flyscreen any gaps between the new 1.5 x 1.5 mm (inside) door and the steel frame Outside Inside Frame: New screened door Existing door: 38 x 152 mm (e) Detail 3 if a new frame was installed Aluminium flyscreen: solid door in the the existing inner soid door 1.5 x 1.5 mm, lower part to protect should be reattached with the screen from leave the mesh 20mm the existing hinges to the kicks, maximum max. 600 longer than the door height of the solid new frame to close gap New or existing door frame: part 600mm to allow if the existing door frame is still intact as much ventilation Detail 3 and in a right angle then use that through the screen Wood strip: Aluminium flyscreen: frame and cut a hole for the new lock as possible 19 x 25 mm (1/2c), to seal inside, 1.5 x 1.5 mm any gaps between the new door and the steel frame Elevation B-B Vertical Section Plywood: 4 mm to seal all joists of the filling Inside Inside Existing door Existing door New or existing New screened door New screened door door frame New or existing Wood strip: door frame Outside Outside Chicken wire 10 x 15 mm (1/3b) Detail 1 Detail 2 Hinge Frame: Door handle and Filling: outside, to support nailed to frame 38 x 152 mm (e) door lock 19 x 50 mm (c) Hinge the aluminium flyscreen Frame: A-A Horizontal Section C-C Horizontal Section Detail 1 38 x 152 mm (e) Detail 2
Where We Work Camden, United States New York, United States London, United Kindgom Delhi, India Happy Healthy Households Breathe Easy Camden ARCHIVE GLOBAL, NYC Sanitation For Health Walking Tours St.Marc, Haiti Dhaka, Bangladesh Health & Housing in Haiti Health, Hygiene and Housing Health From the Ground Up Cochabamba, Bolivia Building Out Chagas Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Healthy Air, Healthy Living Yaounde, Cameroon Tanzania Building Malaria Prevention Namibia Lomahasha, Swaziland Malaria Proofing Home Interventions for Malaria Elimination Past Project Current Project Future Project
Lessons Learned / Scaling Up + Communicating the cost effectiveness of health and housing as a paired approach + Exploring the potential for sustainable microfinancing + Government agency buy-in + Building trust through long-lasting partnerships + The value of a research study + The importance of a comprehensive housing survey + Resources to provide realistic budgets for materials and labor + Importance of being engaged in project development from the beginning + Holistic engagement model - Needs assessment - Design Services - Monitoring and Evaluation - Impact Assessment
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