Appendix 2.5.3 Community Participatory Action Research (CPAR) - PDF document

Appendix 2.5.3 Community Participatory Action Research (CPAR) Approach of Enrichment Planting with Daemonorops jenkinsiana, Pinus merkusii and Dalbergia cochinchinensis in CF Sites Guide on Field Data Collection, Data Entry, Analysis and Interpretation and Presentation to the community 1.0 Background As part of the compliance to the TOR, the research proposal will be presented to the FA Staff involved in the study. The presentation will include the concept of the Research, the analysis of the data, and the approach of the research. As part of building the capacity and in preparation for data analysis, spreadsheets are prepared that can be used by the Staff. This guide provides steps on how to complete the forms, encode the data and make the statistical analysis using Multiple Regression and Logit Models. These statistical tools are deemed appropriate in analyzing the factors that influences the growth of the plants. 2.0 Scope of this Guide Scope of this guide:  Introduce the Field Data Gathering Forms and how to fill up  Orient how to store the information in the prepared spreadsheet  Present the methodology of analyzing factor analysis using multiple regression and Logit Model analysis using MS Excel and NCSS-PASS softwares.  Analysis and interpretation of the results (i.e. which factors have significant influence to the growth and survival of the plants) and deriving conclusion  Guide on presenting the results to the community Included in this guide are the dummy Excel files for field data entry and the dummy file for NCSS-PASS for seedling survival analysis. 3.0 Data Collection 3.1 Field Data Collection Using Form 1: Data of Upperstory Plants The study will collect the information of the upperstory plants the main factor being studied that may influence the growth and survival of the planted seedlings. The information of the upperstory plants will be recorded in Form 1. Form 1 will be completed during the layout of the planting spot. The coordinates of each planting spot will be taken and the species name and girth of the 7 upperstory plants that are nearest to the planted seedlings (Figure 1). There will be separate forms for rattan in Ou Saom CF and Tbeng Lech CF, separate form for Pines and separate for Dalbergia. The geographic location per seedlings will be determined using geographic coordinates using WGS 84 datum. Each species will be assigned a code. The girth (or circumference) of the upperstory plants will be taken approximately 1.5 M from the ground. The attached Form shows the hypothetical data of the upperstorey plants. After completing the form, the information will be stored in the prepared worksheet (The entry of the information will be discussed in Section 4). Page 1

6 6 3 3 5 1 7 2 1 2 7 4 4 5 Overstory Plants Planted Seedling 10 x 10 Meter Planting Distance Figure 1. The 7 upperstory plants that will be measured in each planting spot 3.2 Field Data Collection Using Form 2: Data on Survival and Growth Status of Planted Seedlings  Form 2 will be completed at the end of the growing period (after 12 months).  At the end of the observation period, the research plot will be visited to:  Check whether the planted seedlings have survived.  To measure the height (in cms.) if they survived. If dead, a default value of 0 will be given.  check if there are naturally growing rattan (in the rattan lot), Pines (in the Pine plot), or Dalbergia in the (Dalbergia plots)  Form 2 shows how the data will be entered. Page 2

Form 1. Data Gathering Form for the Upperstory Plants with Hypothetical Data Seedling Geog. Trees Nearest to the Planted Seeding No. Coordinates 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 (Lat/Long) Species Trameing Trameing Trameing Kreuneung Chromash Kreuneung Kohkoh Name 13 33 10 Dist. from 1 the Plant 1 2.3 4 4.5 4.6 5 6 104 1 12 (M) Girth (cms.) 52 56 120 58 90 67 78 Species Kohkoh Trameing Kreu Cheutiel Kohkoh Cheutiel Pdeak Name 13 33 11 Dist. from 2 2 2.3 3 4.5 5 5.1 5.6 the Plant 104 1 11.8 (M) Girth (cms.) 58 57 120 90 67 78 99 Species Tbeng Kohkoh Kokei Trameing Poupeil Tbeng Kreu Name 13 33 11.2 Dist. from 3 1.5 2.3 3 4.5 5 5.1 7 the Plant 104 1 15 (M) Girth (cms.) 58 88 78 52 56 120 77 Species Trach Poupeil Pdeak Pdeak Kreuneung Trameing Kreu Name 13 33 15 Dist. from 4 2.3 3 4.5 5 5.1 6 6.5 the Plant 104 1 17 (M) Girth (cms.) 78 52 120 58 90 67 120 Species Trap Thom Chromash Sra Tbeng Chromash Cheutiel Cheutiel Name 13 33 18 Dist. from 5 2 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 6.5 the Plant 104 1 21 (M) Girth (cms.) 57 89 67 58 55 60 91 Species Kokei Ta Trou Pdeak Kohkoh Kokei Kreu Cheutiel Name 13 33 20 Dist. from 6 2.3 3 4.5 4.8 5 6.5 7 the Plant 104 1 22 (M) Girth (cms.) 89 67 58 89 89 67 58 Page 3

Form 2. Data Gathering Form for the condition of planted seedlings and with Hypothetical Data Seedling Status: No. of Natural Seedling Status: No. of  0 = Dead  0 = Dead No. Seedlings No. Natural  Height (cms.) if Growing in  Height (cms.) if Live Seedlings the Plating Growing in Live Spot the Plating Spot 1 13 0 16 12 0 2 12 0 17 10 0 3 17 0 18 11 4 4 15 0 19 12 0 5 12 0 20 15 0 6 0 (dead) 0 21 12 1 7 15 0 22 10 0 8 12 0 23 19 2 9 10 0 24 12 0 10 19 2 25 20 0 11 12 0 26 18 0 12 0 0 27 0 (dead) 0 13 12 0 28 11 0 14 13 0 29 9 0 15 0 (dead) 0 30 16 0 Page 4

4.0 Using Spreadsheets to Process the Collected Data After the forms are filled up, these will be stored in the prepared MS Excel worksheets. The steps of encoding the Worksheet are shown below. 1. Open the MS Excel File named: [Research – Data Processing] 2. Open the [Species Code] worksheet and Check if all the upperstory species listed in the forms are found in this file. If not add the other species and assign a code. 3. As soon as all the species were coded, open the [Data Entry] Worksheet 4. Fill up the columns G, I and J. Note that filling up column H is optional. Page 5

5. Open the [Table] Worksheet and store the geographic coordinates of each planted seedling. Note that the geographic coordinates are in Lat/Long WGS 84 datum 6. Save the file. These will be kept and will be updated when the data on the survival is available at the end of the growing period. Page 6

7. When the data on the status of the planted seedlings are available, open the previously saved MS Excel File named: [Research – Data Processing] 8. Fill up Column B, C, D and E based on the result of the result of the assessment of the survival, seedling height growth and naturally growing plants. Take note that in these columns, fill up only the WHITE cells. By filling up these cells, all the associated Worksheets (Table, Survival and Height Worksheets) are also completed. These data are now ready for statistical analysis. 5.0 Conducting Statistical Analysis Two statistical software will be used in analyzing the results. MS Excel will be used in conducting multiple regression analysis for height versus the variables Basal Area and Density. A special software for statics will be used in analyzing the survival. In this case, we will use NCSS-PASS (although SPSS can also be used). 5.1 Performing Multiple Regression Analysis Using MS Excel The Multiple Regression analysis will be used to determine the factors that influence the height of the planted seedlings. Be sure the “Data Analysis” Function is installed in the MS Excel File. In some MS Excel version these option needs to be activated. To avoid Multi- colinearity problem, a separate runs will be made on the effects of Basal Areas and Density of Upperstory plants on the height of the planted seedlings 1. Open the [Height-BA] Worksheet to analyze the effect of Basal Area on the eight of the seedlings Page 7

2. Sort the Height in Descending Order. The purpose is to exclude in the analysis the “Dead” Seedlings. 3. C lick “Data” in the Main Menu, Click “Data Analysis” in the Data Submenu and Choose regression Page 8

4. For the “Input Y” button, highlight all the cells in the Height column, and for the “Input X” button, highlight all the cells of the Column BATot to the last column. Tick the “Label” button. The Cells that contains “0” height should be excluded. 5. Tick the Output Button and click at the bottom of the Worksheet to place the result of the statistical analysis. The Result will be displayed showing the statistical analysis of the regression parameters. Those factors whose coefficients p < 0.05 are considered to be have significant effect on the height of planted seedlings. If the coefficient is ( + ) it means that these factors have a positive relationship with the height and otherwise if ( - ). 6. The same process will be done for the [Height-Density] Worksheet. 5.2 Performing the Logit Analysis Using NCSS-PASS The Logit Analysis is appropriate for the Binary Dependent Variable (i.e. Dead or Alive) and to determine the factors that influences its outcome. In this exercise, we will use NCSS although SPSS also have similar function. In preparation to the analysis, install NCSS-PASS software (or SPSS) 1. Run NCSS and open the prepared file named [Survival-BA.sav] and [Survival- Density.sav]. Page 9