Slide 1 / 43 Slide 2 / 43 AP B Fluids Multiple Choice Practice Problems Slide 3 / 43 Slide 4 / 43 1 Two substances mercury with a density 13600 2 A perpendicular force is applied to a certain area kg/m 3 and alcohol with a density 0.8 kg/m 3 are and produces a pressure P. If the same force is selected for an experiment. If the experiment applied to a twice bigger area, the new pressure requires equal masses of each liquid, what is the on the surface is: ratio of alcohol volume to the mercury volume? 2P A 1/15 A B 4P 1/17 B P C 1/13 C P/2 D D 1/10 P/4 E 17/1 E Slide 5 / 43 Slide 6 / 43 3 There are two round tables in the physics 4 Three containers are used in a chemistry lab. All classroom: one with the radius of 50 cm the other containers have the same bottom area and the with a radius of 150 cm. What is the relationship same height. A chemistry student fills each of the between the two forces applied on the tabletops containers with the same liquid to the maximum by the atmospheric pressure? volume. Which of the following is true about the pressure on the bottom in each container? A F 1 /F 2 = 1/3 P1 > P2 > P3 A B F 1 /F 2 = 1/9 B P1 < P2 < P3 F 1 /F 2 = 3/1 C P1 < P2 > P3 C F 1 /F 2 =9/1 D P1 > P2 < P3 D F 1 /F 2 = 1/6 E P1 = P2 = P3 E
Slide 7 / 43 Slide 8 / 43 5 What is the difference between the pressure on 6 A boy swims a lake and initially dives 0.5 m the bottom of a pool and the pressure on the water beneath the surface. When he dives 1 m beneath surface? the surface, how does the absolute pressure change? ρgh A It doubles A ρg/h B It quadruples B ρ/gh C It cut to a half C D gh/ρ It slightly increases D zero E E It slightly decreases Slide 9 / 43 Slide 10 / 43 7 Which of the following scientists invented a 8 A car driver measures a tire pressure of 220 kPa. mercury barometer? What is the absolute pressure in the tire? Blaise Pascal 321 kPa A A Evangelist Torricelli 119 kPa B B Amedeo Avogadro 0 kPa C C D Robert Brown D 101 kPa James Joule 220 kPa E E Slide 11 / 43 Slide 12 / 43 9 In a hydraulic lift the small piston has an area of 2 10 A hydraulic lift is used to lift a car. The small cm 2 and large piston has an area of 80 cm 2 . What is piston has a radius of 5 cm and the large piston the mechanical advantage of the hydraulic lift? has a radius of 50 cm. If a driver applies a force of 88 N to the small piston, what is the weight of the car the large piston can support? 40 A 4 B A 880 N C 2 88 N B 1 D 8800 N C 20 E 8.8 N D 88000 N E
Slide 13 / 43 Slide 14 / 43 11 Three blocks of equal volume are completely 12 A piece of iron has a weight of 3.5 N when it is in submerged into water. The blocks made of different air and 2.0 N when it is submerged into water. materials: aluminum, iron and lead. Which of the What is the buoyant force on the piece of iron? following is the correct statement about the buoyant force on each block? ( # aluminum = 2700 kg/m 3 , ρ iron = 7800 kg/m 3 , ρ lead = 11300 kg/m 3 ) 3.5 N A 2.0 N B 1.5 N C A F aluminum > F iron > F lead 1.0 N D F aluminum < F iron < F lead B 0.5 N E F aluminum < F iron > F lead C F aluminum = F iron = F lead D F aluminum > F iron < F lead E Slide 15 / 43 Slide 16 / 43 13 Physics students use a spring scale to measure the 14 A solid cylinder of mass 5 kg is completely weight of a piece of lead. The experiment was submerged into water. What is the tension force in performed two times one in air the other in water. If the string supporting the piece of aluminum if the the volume of lead is 50 cm 3 , what is the difference specific gravity of the cylinder’s material is 10? between two readings on the scale? 5 N A 0.5 N A B 0.5 N 5.0 N B 50 N C 50 N C 45 N D D 500 N 10 N E 0 N E Slide 17 / 43 Slide 18 / 43 15 An object has a weight of 9 N when it is in air and 16 A wooden block with a weight of 7.5 N is placed 7.2 N when it is submerged into water. What is the on water. When the block floats on the surface of specific gravity of the object’s material? water it is partially submerged in water. What is the weight of the displaced water? 5 A 5.0 N A 6 B 5.5 N B C 7 6.0 N C 8 D D 7.0 N 9 E 7.5 N E
Slide 19 / 43 Slide 20 / 43 17 A wooden block with a weight of 9 N is placed on 18 Water flows at a constant speed of 16 m/s through water. When the block floats on the surface of narrow section of the pipe. What is the speed of water it is partially submerged in water. What is water in the section of the pipe where its radius is the volume of the displaced water? twice of the initial radius? 500 cm 3 A 16 m/s A 400 cm 3 B 12 m/s B 300 cm 3 8 m/s C C 600 cm 3 4 m/s D D 900 cm 3 E E 2 m/s Slide 21 / 43 Slide 22 / 43 19 Venturi tubes have three sections with different 20 An open bottle is filled with a liquid which is radii. Which of the following is true about flowing out trough a spigot located at the distance manometer readings? h below the surface of the liquid. What is the velocity of the liquid leaving the bottle? A P 1 > P 2 > P 3 A B P 1 < P 2 < P 3 B 2gh P 2 < P 1 < P 3 C 4gh C P 1 < P 2 > P 3 D ρgh D P 3 = P 2 = P 1 E E Slide 23 / 43 Slide 24 / 43 1. A small sphere of mass m and density D is suspended from an elastic spring. The spring is stretched by a distance X 1 . a. Determine the spring constant. Free Response The sphere is submerged into liquid of unknown density ρ < D. The new displacement of the spring is X 2 . b. On the diagram below show all the applied forces on the sphere when it is submerged. c. Determine the weight of the displaced liquid by the sphere. d. Determine the density of liquid. Express your result in terms of D, X 1 , X 2 .
Slide 25 / 43 Slide 26 / 43 1. A small sphere of mass m and density D is 1. A small sphere of mass m and density D is suspended from an elastic spring. The spring is suspended from an elastic spring. The spring is stretched by a distance X 1 . stretched by a distance X 1 . a. Determine the spring constant. The sphere is submerged into liquid of unknown density ρ < D. The new displacement of the spring is X 2 . b. On the diagram below show all the applied forces on the sphere when it is submerged. Slide 27 / 43 Slide 28 / 43 1. A small sphere of mass m and density D is 1. A small sphere of mass m and density D is suspended from an elastic spring. The spring is suspended from an elastic spring. The spring is stretched by a distance X 1 . stretched by a distance X 1 . c. Determine the weight of the displaced liquid by the d. Determine the density of liquid. Express your result sphere. in terms of D, X 1 , X 2 . Slide 29 / 43 Slide 30 / 43 2. A pool has an area A = 50 m 2 and depth h = 2.5 m. The pool is filled 2. A pool has an area A = 50 m 2 and depth h = 2.5 m. The pool is filled with water to the maximum height. An electrical pump is used to empty with water to the maximum height. An electrical pump is used to empty the pool. There are two pipes coming out the pump: one is the pool. There are two pipes coming out the pump: one is submerged into water has a radius r 1 = 4 cm the other has a radius r 2 = 2.5 cm. submerged into water has a radius r 1 = 4 cm the other has a radius r 2 = 2.5 cm. Answer the following questions ignoring friction, viscosity, Answer the following questions ignoring friction, viscosity, turbulence. turbulence. a. Calculate the net force on the bottom of the pool. a. Calculate the net force on the bottom of the pool. b. Calculate work done by the pump required to empty the pool in 5 h. c. Calculate the speed of the water flow in the submerged pipe. The pump produces a pressure P1 = 9*10 5 Pa in the submerged pipe. d. Calculate speed of the water flow in the second section of the pipe placed on the ground.
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