ANSWER KEY Key Civil War Battles – Graphic Organizer Directions : Your classmates will present information about the following Civil War battles. For each battle, complete the information shared in the graphic organizer below. Battle Location & Date Leaders- North and South Notes on the Battle Victor/Aftermath Fort Sumter Charleston County, Union: Major Robert Anderson Confederacy fired the first shots; Confederacy South Carolina Lincoln attempted to send food to soldiers Leads other states to secede from April 12, 1861 Confederacy: Brig. Gen P.G.T. in the fort the Union Beauregard Beginning of Civil War First Battle of Bull Run (Manassas) Fairfax County and Union: Irvin McDowell First major land battle; Demonstrates that Confederacy Prince William County, the battle would be long and costly Earns Thomas Jackson the nickname of “Stonewall” Virginia Confederacy: P.G.T. Beauregard July 21, 1861 Battle of Wi lson’s August 10, 1861, near Union Nathaniel Lyon The first major battle of the Trans- Confederate Creek Springfield, Missouri Franz Sigel Mississippi Theater of the American Civil Though the Confederate force Samuel Sturgis War won the field, they were unable to pursue the retreating Union forces Confederate Sterling Price Ben McCulloch Nicholas Pearce Battle of Fort Henry 2/6 & 2/16/62 Union Ulysses S. Grant These were 2 key Confederate forts on the Union & Fort Donelson Andrew H. Foote Tennessee River. They were taken by The capture of Forts Henry and Ulysses Grant and brought him early Donelson were the first Confederate Simon Bolivar Buckner, attention as a Union hero. The capture of significant Union victories in the Sr. (POW) these forts also guaranteed Union control war and opened two great rivers Gideon J. Pillow of Kentucky, which was wavering between to invasion in the heartland of the John B. Floyd the Union and Confederacy South.
Battle Location & Date Leaders- North and South Notes on the Battle Victor/Aftermath Battle Hampton Roads – Monitor v. Hampton Union: Lt. John Worden Monitor= Union Unknown Merrimack Roads/Chesapeake Bay, Merrimack/Virginia= Confederacy First battle of iron-sided ship - no Virginia Confederacy: Capt. Franklin 433 deaths more wooden ones! March 8, 1862 Buchanan and Lt. Catesby R. Jones Battle of Shiloh Union: Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant More casualties than in all Hardin County, and Maj. Gen. Don Carlos Buell Series of attacks and counterattacks to previous American wars capture the ‘Hornet’s Nest’ Tennessee combined April 6-7, 1862 Confederacy: Gen. Albert Sidney 23,746 Union victory helps to make Johnston and Gen. P.G.T. Beauregard Grant famous April 18, 1862 – April Battle of Forts Union David G. Farragut The Union fleet faced only token Union victory Jackson & St. Philip 28, 1862 opposition at Chalmette, and thereafter had The fall of New Orleans as a Location Confederate Johnson K. Duncan clear sailing to New Orleans. consequence of the battle may Plaquemines Parish, John K. Mitchell also have swayed European Louisiana John A. Stephenson powers, primarily Great Britain and France, not to recognize the Confederacy diplomatically. Jackson’s March-June 1862 Union Nathaniel P. Banks Stonewall Jackson at his best. Using speed Confed. Shenandoah Valley John C. Frémont and superior tactics Jackson is able to Jackson followed up his Campaign Irvin McDowell defeat several larger Union armies by successful campaign by forced never allowing them to combine and marches to join Gen. Robert E. Confederate “Stonewall” Jackson constantly moving faster than his Lee for the Seven Days Battles opponents expect. This campaign cements outside Richmond. his reputation as one of t he South’s best generals, The Seven Days Near Richmond, VA Union George B. McClellan Fought outside Richmond, this series of Confed. The Seven Days ended battles was Robert E. Lee’s first big Battle 6/25-7/1/62 with McClellan's army in relative Confederate Robert E. Lee victory over the North. safety next to the James River, During the course of the week Lee, even having suffered almost 16,000 though outnumbered, attacked the Union casualties during the retreat. Lee's general, George McLellan, so furiously army, which had been on the that the Union army was forced to retreat offensive during the Seven Days, back to Washington. lost over 20,000. As Lee became convinced that McClellan would not resume his threat against Richmond, he moved north.
Battle Location & Date Leaders- North and South Notes on the Battle Victor/Aftermath Battle of Malvern Union George B. McClellan The battle occurred in stages: an initial Tactical Union victory Hill July 1, 1862 Fitz John Porter exchange of artillery fire, a minor charge Despite the defeat on Malvern Location by Confederate Brig. Gen. Lewis Hill, the Seven Days Battles Henrico County, Confederate Robert E. Lee Armistead, and three successive waves of accomplished the original Virginia Confederate infantry charges triggered by Confederate goal of removing any unclear orders from Lee and the actions of direct threat to Richmond from Maj. Gens. Magruder and D. H. Hill, the Union Army. respectively. In each phase, the effectiveness of the Federal artillery was the deciding factor, repulsing attack after attack, resulting in a tactical Union victory. Second Battle of Bull Manassas, VA Union John Pope Fought on almost the same field as the first Confed Run 8/29-30/62 battle of Bull Run, this was a complete Success in this battle emboldened Confederate Robert E. Lee victory for the South. Robert E. Lee further Lee to initiate the ensuing cemented his reputation as a great general. Maryland Campaign The Union commander, John Pope, was completely defeated. Battle of Antietam Union: Maj. Gen. George McClellan McClellan loses command of Union forces Union Washington County, after failure to defeat Lee Single bloodiest day of war Maryland Confederacy: Gen. Robert E. Lee 23,000 Prompts Lincoln to issue Eman. Sept. 17, 1862 Proc. Battle of Perryville October 8, 1862 Union Don Carlos Buell Confederate General Braxton Bragg lead Union Location his army into Kentucky in an attempt to Considering the casualties relative Near Perryville, Confederate Braxton Bragg regain control of eastern Tennessee and to the engaged strengths of the Kentucky possibly bring Kentucky into the armies, the Battle of Perryville Confederacy. Fought to a draw by the was one of the bloodiest battles of Union army Bragg was forced to withdraw the Civil War. It was the largest and Confederate hopes for Kentucky were battle fought in the state of dashed. Kentucky. Battle of Fredericksburg, VA Union Ambrose E. Burnside Union general Ambrose Burnside learned Confed. Fredericksburg 12/13/62 the folly of attacking an entrenched enemy On December 15, Burnside Confederate Robert E. Lee with a frontal assault. Robert E. Lee was withdrew his army, ending dug in at the top of a hill called Marye’s Thomas J. Jackson another failed Union campaign in Heights and he was able to repel 14 Union the Eastern Theater. assaults. The screams of wounded Union soldiers could be heard from the base of the heights, but the soldiers were unable to help their fallen comrades.
Battle Location & Date Leaders- North and South Notes on the Battle Victor/Aftermath Battle of Stone’s Murfreesboro, TN Union William Rosecrans The Battle of Stones River was a battle Union victory Dates: Dec 31, 1862 – River (2 nd Battle of fought from December 31, 1862, to The battle was tactically Murfreesboro) Jan 2, 1863 Confederate Braxton Bragg January 2, 1863, in Middle Tennessee, as inconclusive. Bragg received the culmination of the Stones River almost universal scorn from his Campaign in the Western Theater of the Confederate military colleagues; American Civil War. Of the major battles only the support of Joseph E. of the war, Stones River had the highest Johnston and President Jefferson percentage of casualties on both sides. Davis's inability to find a suitable replacement saved his command. Battle of Considered Lee’s greatest victory Chancellorsville Spotsylvania County, Union: Maj. Gen. Joseph Hooker 24,000 casualties Virginia Jackson killed by own men “Jackson lost his left arm, but I May 1863 Confederacy: Gen. Robert E. Lee and ‘Stonewall’ Jackson have lost my right arm.” ~ Lee Battle of Gettysburg Union: Maj. Gen. George S. Meade Back and forth between two sides Union victory Adams County, Bloodiest battle of the Civil War Pennsylvania Confederacy: Gen. Robert E. Lee 51,000 deaths Gettysburg Address issued July 1-3, 1863 months later Battle of Vicksburg Warren County, Union: Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant 35,285 deaths Union victory - Grant is 2 nd part of Anaconda Plan Mississippi appointed General-in-Chief July 4, 1863 Confederacy: Lt. Gen. John C. Pemberton Battle of Chickamauga, GA Union William Rosecrans A huge victory for the Confederate forces. Confed. Chickamauga 8/19-20/63 One of the few times they were on the Chickamauga was the first major Confederate Braxton Bragg attack. A large Union army was routed by Confederate effort to use the Braxton Bragg and James Longstreet. The "interior lines of the nation" to only person that avoided total transport troops between theaters disaster for the Union was Gen. George with the aim of achieving a period Thomas, who earned the nickname the of numerical superiority and “Rock of Chickamauga” for the way in taking the initiative in the hope of which he held his troops together. gaining decisive results in the West.
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