Advances in design and management of engineered slopes Dr Adam Fisher
What changes/advances have I seen over 24 years as a geotechnical professional? 2
I will do this from: u A quick look at geotechnical risk management and the framework it provides for the design and management of slopes u Considering a few projects delivered, methods used and the subsequent advances that may have changed the approach u Discussing how the concepts of ‘Geotechnical BIM’ could perhaps add some real value going forward 3
Geotechnical Risk / Project Management ‘Effective design offers one of the best ways of minimising geotechnical risk’ u Be systematic, phased so that key stages are not missed u Determine essential project requirements u Use conceptual design to identify construction methods least at risk from ground conditions and provide the optimum solution u Use analytical techniques that recognise that ground conditions are uncertain u Compare the design with current or previous cases in similar ground 4
Soil slope - 1994 Soper’s Wood Landslide – Bath Jurassic Fuller’s Earth 5
STATI ON: A3 Horizontal Movement (m) 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.2 2.4 2.6 2.8 3.0 0.2 0 Vertical Movement (m) -0.2 -0.4 -0.6 -0.8 -1 Jan 1994 Aug 1994 A3 3 400 350 2.5 Horizontal Movement (m) 300 2 Rainfall (mm) 250 1.5 200 150 1 100 0.5 50 0 0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 Days since 19/1/1994 6
Current Project Fundamental Approach Systematic/phased - unchanged Desk based research GIS, Google, BGS, historical maps etc Drone, 3D terrain model, aerial photo Geomorphology/Terrain Investigation / monitoring BS5930, Advances in methods and data handling (AGS) Analyses 3D ground model, software, EC7, Finite Element analyses Engineering Solutions Methods have evolved and some new options could be given consideration – Electro Kinetic 7
2001 8 Anchored rock slope
Western Australia • Nailing • Anchors • Spaced piles • Geomembranes • Cut off walls • Risk based evaluations • Drones • 3D models • Remote sensing 2014 9
Western Australia 2014 • Reinforced earth • Gabion facing system (Health & Safety) • Material classification 10
2017/18 11
B UILDING I NFORMATION M ODELLING/MANAGEMENT Process for generating and managing design, construction and operations data. It’s an approach not a product you can buy off the shelf. Agreed procedures, Assessing data in context of all methods - data quickly disciplines (organisations). captured, processed Informed decisions. and shared Digital Data-3D Whole life Retaining and building on data for projects life – doesn’t get lost. 12
Site Model Anchored retaining wall 13
CONCLUSIONS u The concept of geotechnical risk management underpins all elements of design and management of engineered slopes. THIS HAS NOT AND SHOULD NOT CHANGE u Key advances in slope design and management have been from technical advances in data capture, speed of analyses and communication of results. u BIM is totally aligned to the geotechnical risk management process and can further improve efficiencies, knowledge sharing and communication. 14
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