A SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF MARKET SYSTEMS in south central Somalia, - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

A SPATIAL ANALYSIS OF MARKET SYSTEMS in south central Somalia, north-eastern Kenya and southern Ethiopia The International Labour Organisation Somalia Programme 14 th March 2012

Imported goods market system: NORMAL PERIOD THE ENABLING WEIGHTS & CUSTOMS ENVIRONMENT ACCESS ROADS KEBS MEASURES DUTY TRADE CORRUPTION LICENCING MICROFINANCE SECURITY SECURITY & CARTELS ACT POLICY MARKET ACTORS WAREHOUSING WHOLESALERS & STORAGE DEALERS/ IMPORTERS BROKERS DISTRIBUTORS RETAILS CONSUMERS LOANS TECHNICAL BUSINESS ROAD PACKAGING PUBLIC EXTENSION TRANSPORT HEALTH SERVICES CLEARING AND MARKET INSURANCE BANKING INFORMATION FORWARDING 1 Imported goods market system: EMERGENCY PERIOD THE ENABLING WEIGHTS & CUSTOMS ENVIRONMENT ACCESS ROADS KEBS MEASURES DUTY TRADE CORRUPTION LICENCING MICROFINANCE SECURITY SECURITY & CARTELS ACT POLICY MARKET ACTORS WAREHOUSING WHOLESALERS & STORAGE DEALERS/ IMPORTERS BROKERS DISTRIBUTORS RETAILS CONSUMERS LOANS TECHNICAL BUSINESS ROAD PACKAGING PUBLIC EXTENSION TRANSPORT HEALTH SERVICES CLEARING AND MARKET INSURANCE BANKING INFORMATION FORWARDING 1

Monitored Markets (EMMA) Figure 1 (Sept 2011) Filtu Dollow Mandera Wajir Legend Monitored Markets Regional boundary River Major routes Major routes Regional markets (unmonitored) Adapted from: EMMA Survey Data. (PAC, 2012). Base map sourced from: FSNAU Monitored Markets Map.

Markets Where Items Sold (core commodities) Figure 2 (Sept 2011) Filtu Dollow Mandera Wajir Legend 150 traders selling items 10 traders selling items Regional boundary River Major routes Regional markets (unmonitored) Adapted from: EMMA Survey Data. (PAC, 2012). Base map sourced from: FSNAU Monitored Markets Map.

Markets Where Items Sourced (core commodities) Figure 3 (Sept 2011) Filtu Dollow Mandera Mogadishu Wajir Legend 150 traders sourcing items 10 traders sourcing items Regional boundary River Major routes Major routes Regional markets (unmonitored) Adapted from: EMMA Survey Data. (PAC, 2012). Base map sourced from: FSNAU Monitored Markets Map.

Markets Where Items Sold (core commodities) Figure 2 (Sept 2011) Filtu Dollow Mandera Wajir Legend 150 traders selling items 10 traders selling items Regional boundary River Major routes Regional markets (unmonitored) Figure 3 Markets Where Items Sourced (core commodities) Filtu Dollow Mandera Mogadishu Wajir Legend 150 traders sourcing items 10 traders sourcing items Regional boundary River 10 traders sourcing items Major Major routes routes Regional markets (unmonitored) Adapted from: EMMA Survey Data. (PAC, 2012). Base map sourced from: FSNAU Monitored Markets Map.

Main Trade Flows Figure 4 (Sept 2011) Filtu Trends . - Mohadishu supplies imported commodities for . Dollow much of the trade basin. - Markets are stronger than we think. Mandera -Trade between markets in Gedo and the Kenyan and Ethiopian borders function amidst drought and conflict. - Markets in Bay and Bakool receive a minor through-flow of goods from the border and are instead subservient to Mogadishu imports. . Wajir Legend Legend Key Market Centres Assembly, wholesale and retail Domestic Cereals . Retail & wholesale Livestock Retail Imported Goods Regional boundary Wholesale River Regional markets (unmonitored) Major roads Direction of Trade Adapted from: EMMA Survey Data. (PAC, 2012). Base map sourced from: FSNAU Monitored Markets Map.

Flow of Imported Items to/from Mogadishu Figure 5 (Sept 2011) Trends -Two classifications of imported goods: those consumed in urban centres by higher earners (white rice and pasta), and those consumed across all income percentiles for which there are few domestically produced alternatives (sugar). - Reverse flows and backward linkages. - SIM cards representing the movement of currency? Mogadishu Soap Petrol Bottled Water Charcoal Sugar Timber Cooking oil SIM Cards Nails White rice Air time Milk Powder Oil Pasta Tea Leaves Coconut Oil Adapted from: EMMA Survey Data. (PAC, 2012).

Urban Areas Receiving IDPs (01 Dec 2011 – 17 Feb 2012) Figure 6 Belet Wayne Trends - Economic induced rural-urban migration Dollow Mandera - Urbanisation of market towns & urban centres. - Migrants not returning to pastoralism. - Underdevelopment of the urban system. - Urbanisation as an opportunity. Ceel Waaq Bardera Mogadishu Mogadishu Incorporating: Wadajir, Hodan, Dharkenley, Yaaqshiid and Hawl Wadaag Legend Doobley 1000 IDPs 2000 IDPs Regional boundary River Major routes Regional markets (unmonitored) Adapted from: Mogadishu Movements 1 Dec 2011 to date (UNHCR, 2012).

Points of Origin Figure 7 (01 Dec 2011 – 17 Feb 2012) Farlibaax Belet Weyne Dolo, Eth. Afgooye Ceelasha Legend Dadaab Jilib Quracley 1000 IDPs 2000 IDPs Regional boundary River Major routes Regional markets (unmonitored) Adapted from: Mogadishu Movements 1 Dec 2011 to date (UNHCR, 2012).

Urban Areas Receiving IDPs Figure 6 (01 Dec 2011 – 17 Feb 2012) Trends Belet - Economic induced rural-urban migration Wayne - Urbanisation of market towns & urban centres. - Migrants not returning to pastoralism. - Underdevelopment of the urban system. - Urbanisation as an opportunity. Dollow Mandera Ceel Waaq Bardera Mogadishu Mogadishu Incorporating: Wadajir, Hodan, Dharkenley, Yaaqshiid and Hawl Wadaag Doobley Legend 1000 IDPs 2000 IDPs Regional boundary River Major routes Regional markets (unmonitored) Figure 7 Points of Origin Farlibaax Belet Weyne Dolo, Eth. Afgooye Ceelasha Legend Dadaab Quracley Jilib 1000 IDPs 2000 IDPs Regional boundary River Major routes Regional markets (unmonitored) Adapted from: Mogadishu Movements 1 Dec 2011 to date (UNHCR, 2012).

Problems & Opportunities Credit Transport Energy Work ethic

We need to understand markets so we invest where it makes sense to do so. How do we make international trade benefit Somalis? How do we best empower people through employment creation? How do we work collectively to address problems and exploit opportunities ?