9 extra propositional coordination
play

9. Extra-Propositional Coordination 9.1 Overview In Database - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

Jul 26, 2023 •345 likes •691 views

A Computational Model of Natural Language Communication 138 9. Extra-Propositional Coordination 9.1 Overview In Database Semantics, the coordination of propositions is coded in their verb proplets nc and pc attributes. Consider the following

  1. A Computational Model of Natural Language Communication 138 9. Extra-Propositional Coordination 9.1 Overview In Database Semantics, the coordination of propositions is coded in their verb proplets’ nc and pc attributes. Consider the following set of proplets representing Julia sang. Then Sue slept. John read. : 9.1.1 Grammatical relations between concatenated propositions noun: Julia verb: sing noun: Sue verb: sleep noun: John verb: read fnc: sing arg: Julia fnc: sleep arg: Sue fnc: read arg: John mdr: mdr: mdr: mdr: mdr: mdr: nc: nc: > 11 sleep nc: nc: 12 read nc: nc: pc: pc: pc: pc: < 10 sing pc: pc: 11 sleep prn: 10 prn: 10 prn: 11 prn: 11 prn: 12 prn: 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 9.1.2 C OMBINING INTRA - AND EXTRA - PROPOSITIONAL COORDINATIONS verb: sing verb: sleep verb: buy & arg: Julia arg: Sue arg: John pizza noun: Sue noun: John verb: cook verb: eat noun: pizza noun: Julia mdr: mdr: mdr: fnc: sleep fnc: buy & arg: arg: fnc: buy & fnc: sing nc: nc: 27 buy & nc: cook mdr: mdr: mdr: mdr: mdr: mdr: pc: 27 eat pc: pc: 26 sleep nc: nc: nc: eat nc: 28 sing nc: nc: prn: 28 prn: 26 prn: 27 pc: pc: pc: buy pc: cook pc: pc: prn: 26 prn: 27 prn: 27 prn: 27 prn: 27 prn: 28 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The relations of extra-propositional coordination are indicated by dashed lines, while those of the intra-propositional coordination are indicated by solid lines. � 2006 Roland Hausser c

  2. A Computational Model of Natural Language Communication 139 9.2 Interpretation and Production of Extra-Propositional Coordination 9.2.1 D ERIVATION OF Julia slept. John sang. Julia slept John sang . . lexical lookup noun: Julia verb: sleep noun: John verb: sing pnc:. pnc:. fnc: arg: fnc: arg: mdr: mdr: mdr: mdr: nc: nc: nc: nc: pc: pc: pc: pc: prn: prn: prn: prn: syntactic−semantic parsing: noun: Julia verb: sleep fnc: arg: 1 mdr: mdr: nc: nc: pc: pc: prn: 29 prn: noun: Julia verb: sleep pnc:. fnc: sleep arg: Julia 2 mdr: mdr: nc: nc: pc: pc: prn: 29 prn: 29 noun: Julia verb: sleep noun: John fnc: sleep arg: Julia fnc: mdr: mdr: mdr: 3 nc: nc: nc: pc: pc: pc: prn: 29 prn: 29 prn: noun: Julia verb: sleep noun: John verb: sing fnc: sleep arg: Julia fnc: arg: mdr: mdr: mdr: mdr: 4 nc: nc: nc: nc: pc: pc: pc: pc: prn: 29 prn: 29 prn: 30 prn: noun: Julia verb: sleep noun: John verb: sing pnc:. fnc: sleep arg: Julia fnc: sing arg: John mdr: mdr: mdr: mdr: 5 nc: nc: 30 sing nc: nc: pc: pc: pc: pc: 29 sleep prn: 29 prn: 29 prn: 30 prn: 30 result of syntactic−semantic parsing: noun: Julia verb: sleep noun: John verb: sing fnc: sleep arg: Julia fnc: sing arg: John mdr: mdr: mdr: mdr: nc: nc: 30 sing nc: nc: pc: pc: pc: pc: 29 sleep prn: 29 prn: 29 prn: 30 prn: 30 � 2006 Roland Hausser c

  3. A Computational Model of Natural Language Communication 140 9.2.2 P RODUCTION OF Julia slept. John sang. activated sequence realization 1 V 1.1 n n V N 1.2 fv n n fv V N 1.3 fv p n n fv p V N 2.1 fv p n n n fv p n V N V N 2.2 fv p n fv n n fv p n fv V N V N 2.3 fv p n fv p n n fv p n fv p V N V N After the initial LA-think navigation from V to N, LA-speak produces the abstract n fv p surface in lines 1.1 – 1.3. Thereby the sentence-final punctuation mark is lexicalized using the sentence mood specified in the verb proplet. Then LA-think traverses the second VN proplet sequence, from which LA-speak produces the second abstract n fv p surface in lines 2.1 – 2.3. The sus- pension shows up in line 2.1 in a way similar to example 7.6.2. See Chapters 11. and 12. for the explicitly defined LA-hear, LA-think, and LA-speak grammars handling extra-propositional coordination. � 2006 Roland Hausser c

  4. A Computational Model of Natural Language Communication 141 9.3 Simple Coordinations as Sentential Arguments and Modifiers 9.3.1 Simple coordinations in sentential arguments 1 1. Noun coordination as the subject of a subject sentence: That the man, the woman, and the child slept surprised Mary. 2 3 2 3 2 3 noun: man & noun: woman noun: child 2 3 n/v: that sleep fnc: sleep fnc: fnc: 6 7 6 7 6 7 arg: man & 6 7 6 7 6 7 6 7 nc: woman nc: child nc: 6 7 6 7 6 7 6 7 fnc: 9 surprise 6 7 6 7 6 7 4 5 pc: pc: man pc: woman 4 5 4 5 4 5 prn: 8 prn: 8 prn: 8 prn: 8 2 3 2 3 verb: surprise noun: Mary arg: 8 sleep Mary fnc: surprise 4 5 4 5 prn: 9 prn: 9 � 2006 Roland Hausser c

  5. A Computational Model of Natural Language Communication 142 2. Verb coordination in a subject sentence: That the man bought, cooked, and ate the pizza surprised Mary. 2 3 n/v: that buy & 2 3 2 3 verb: cook verb: eat arg: man pizza 6 7 2 3 2 3 noun: man arg: arg: noun: pizza 6 7 6 7 6 7 fnc: 11 surprise 6 7 6 7 6 7 fnc: buy & nc: eat nc: fnc: buy & 4 5 6 7 6 7 6 7 4 5 nc: cook 6 7 6 7 6 7 prn: 10 pc: buy pc: cook prn: 10 6 7 4 5 4 5 pc: 4 5 prn: 10 prn: 10 prn: 10 2 3 2 3 verb: surprise noun: Mary arg: 10 buy & Mary fnc: surprise 4 5 4 5 prn: 11 prn: 11 3. Noun coordination as the object of a subject sentence: That Bob ate an apple, a pear, and a peach, surprised Mary. 2 3 2 3 2 3 noun: apple & noun: pear noun: peach 2 3 n/v: that eat 2 3 noun: Bob fnc: eat fnc: fnc: 6 7 6 7 6 7 arg: Bob apple & 6 7 6 7 6 7 6 7 fnc: eat nc: pear nc: peach nc: 6 7 6 7 6 7 6 7 4 5 fnc: 13 surprise 6 7 6 7 6 7 4 5 prn: 12 pc: pc: apple pc: pear 4 5 4 5 4 5 prn: 12 prn: 12 prn: 12 prn: 12 2 3 2 3 verb: surprise noun: Mary arg: 12 eat Mary fnc: surprise 4 5 4 5 prn: 13 prn: 13 � 2006 Roland Hausser c

  6. A Computational Model of Natural Language Communication 143 9.3.2 Simple coordinations in sentential arguments 2 The crucial difference between the following three examples and those in 9.3.1 above is that the sentential and non-sentential arg values of the higher verb proplets ( surprise , see ) are in inverse order: in 9.3.1(1) they are [arg: 8 sleep Mary] (subject sentence), while in 9.3.2(1) they are [arg: Mary 15 sleep] (object sentence); in 9.3.1(2) they are [arg: 10 buy & Mary] (subject sentence), while in 9.3.2(2) they are [arg: Mary 17 buy &] (object sentence); and in 9.3.1(3) they are [arg: 12 buy Mary] (subject sentence), while in 9.3.2(3) they are [arg: Mary 19 buy] (object sentence). 1. Noun coordination as the subject of an object sentence: Mary saw that the man, the woman and the child slept. 2 3 2 3 noun: Mary verb: see fnc: see arg: Mary 15 sleep 4 5 4 5 prn: 14 prn: 14 2 3 2 3 2 3 noun: man & noun: woman noun: child 2 3 n/v: that sleep fnc: sleep fnc: fnc: 6 7 6 7 6 7 arg: man & 6 7 6 7 6 7 6 7 nc: woman nc: child nc: 6 7 6 7 6 7 6 7 fnc: 14 see 4 5 6 7 6 7 6 7 pc: pc: man pc: woman 4 5 4 5 4 5 prn: 15 prn: 15 prn: 15 prn: 15 � 2006 Roland Hausser c

  7. A Computational Model of Natural Language Communication 144 2. Verb coordination in an object sentence: Mary saw that the man bought, cooked, and ate the pizza. 2 3 2 3 noun: Mary verb: see fnc: see arg: Mary 17 buy & 4 5 4 5 prn: 16 prn: 16 2 3 n/v: that buy & 2 3 2 3 verb: cook verb: eat arg: man pizza 6 7 2 3 2 3 noun: man arg: arg: noun: pizza 6 7 6 7 6 7 fnc: 16 see 6 7 6 7 6 7 fnc: buy & nc: eat nc: fnc: buy & 6 7 6 7 6 7 4 5 4 5 nc: cook 6 7 6 7 6 7 prn: 17 pc: buy pc: cook prn: 17 6 7 4 5 4 5 pc: 4 5 prn: 17 prn: 17 prn: 17 3. Noun coordination as the object of an object sentence:: Mary saw that Bob bought an apple, a pear, and a peach. 2 3 2 3 noun: Mary verb: see fnc: see arg: Mary 19 buy 4 5 4 5 prn: 18 prn: 18 2 3 2 3 2 3 noun: apple & noun: pear noun: peach 2 3 n/v: that buy 2 3 noun: Bob fnc: buy fnc: fnc: 6 7 6 7 6 7 arg: Bob apple & 6 7 6 7 6 7 6 7 fnc: buy nc: pear nc: peach nc: 6 7 6 7 6 7 6 7 4 5 fnc: 18 see 4 5 6 7 6 7 6 7 prn: 19 pc: pc: apple pc: pear 4 5 4 5 4 5 prn: 19 prn: 19 prn: 19 prn: 19 � 2006 Roland Hausser c

  8. A Computational Model of Natural Language Communication 145 9.3.3 Simple coordinations in sentential modifiers 1 1. Noun coordination as the subject of an adnominal sentence with a subject gap: structurally excluded! A relative clause with a subject gap cannot have a subject coordination because the gap (rep- resented in English by a relative pronoun) cannot be part of a noun coordination. 2. Verb coordination in an adnominal sentence with a subject gap: Mary saw the man who bought, cooked, and ate the pizza. 2 3 noun: man 2 3 2 3 noun: Mary verb: see fnc: see 6 7 fnc: see arg: Mary man 4 5 4 5 6 7 mdr: 21 buy & 4 5 prn: 20 prn: 20 prn: 20 2 3 a/v: buy & 2 3 2 3 verb: cook verb: eat arg: # pizza 6 7 2 3 arg: arg: noun: pizza 6 7 6 7 6 7 mdd: 20 man 6 7 6 7 6 7 nc: eat nc: fnc: buy & 6 7 6 7 6 7 4 5 nc: cook 6 7 6 7 6 7 pc: buy pc: cook prn: 21 6 7 4 5 4 5 pc: 4 5 prn: 21 prn: 21 prn: 21 � 2006 Roland Hausser c

Recommend

Coordination models Essence We are trying to separate computation from coordination; coordination

Coordination models Essence We are trying to separate computation from coordination; coordination

Coordination-Based Systems Coordination Models Coordination models Essence We are trying to separate computation from coordination; coordination deals with all aspects of communication between processes, as well as their cooperation.

453 views • 31 slides
Logic as a Tool Chapter 1: Understanding Propositional Logic 1.2 Propositional logical

Logic as a Tool Chapter 1: Understanding Propositional Logic 1.2 Propositional logical

Logic as a Tool Chapter 1: Understanding Propositional Logic 1.2 Propositional logical consequence Logically correct inferences Valentin Goranko Stockholm University September 2016 Goranko Propositional logical consequence A propositional

582 views • 57 slides
Logic as a Tool Chapter 1: Understanding Propositional Logic 1.2 Propositional logical

Logic as a Tool Chapter 1: Understanding Propositional Logic 1.2 Propositional logical

Logic as a Tool Chapter 1: Understanding Propositional Logic 1.2 Propositional logical consequence Logically correct inferences Valentin Goranko Stockholm University September 2016 Goranko Propositional logical consequence A propositional

247 views • 9 slides
Propositional Logic Propositional logic is a subset of the predicate logic. ! Syntax ! Semantics !

Propositional Logic Propositional logic is a subset of the predicate logic. ! Syntax ! Semantics !

Propositional Logic Propositional logic is a subset of the predicate logic. ! Syntax ! Semantics ! Models ! Inference Rules ! Complexity 9 Syntax of Propositional Logic ! symbols ! logical constants True, False ! propositional symbols P, Q, !

389 views • 14 slides
Pros and cons of propositional logic Propositional logic is declarative : pieces of syntax

Pros and cons of propositional logic Propositional logic is declarative : pieces of syntax

Pros and cons of propositional logic Propositional logic is declarative : pieces of syntax correspond to facts Propositional logic allows partial/disjunctive/negated information (unlike most data structures and databases) First-order logic

279 views • 7 slides
Techniques and Examples for Propositional Clauses For propositional sentences there are some

Techniques and Examples for Propositional Clauses For propositional sentences there are some

Techniques and Examples for Propositional Clauses For propositional sentences there are some special techniques Here we look at (the famous) Davis Putnam procedure using clausal form AUTOMATED REASONING A few notations for ground clauses (no

316 views • 8 slides
Propositional Logic Logical Agents Reasoning [Ch 7 7.3] Propositional Logic [Ch 7.4

Propositional Logic Logical Agents Reasoning [Ch 7 7.3] Propositional Logic [Ch 7.4

1 RN, Chapter 7.4 - 7.8 Propositional Logic Logical Agents Reasoning [Ch 7 7.3] Propositional Logic [Ch 7.4 - 7.8] Syntax Semantics Models Entailment Proof Process Forward / Backward chaining

1.09k views • 69 slides
Techniques and Examples for Propositional Data For propositional sentences there are some special

Techniques and Examples for Propositional Data For propositional sentences there are some special

Techniques and Examples for Propositional Data For propositional sentences there are some special techniques - e.g. Davis Putnam, simple model generation (use clausal form) OBDDs AUTOMATED REASONING A few notations for ground clauses (no

175 views • 6 slides
Propositional Logic Propositional Logic: Basic Ideas The elementary building blocks of

Propositional Logic Propositional Logic: Basic Ideas The elementary building blocks of

Propositional Logic Propositional Logic: Basic Ideas The elementary building blocks of propositional logic are atomic propositions (or simply atoms) that cannot be decomposed any further: E.g., The block is red It is

855 views • 62 slides
Outline Knowledge base Propositional logic Syntax and semantics Propositional Logic

Outline Knowledge base Propositional logic Syntax and semantics Propositional Logic

Outline Knowledge base Propositional logic Syntax and semantics Propositional Logic Inference Backtracking (DPLL) CS 486/686 Resolution Sept 23, 2008 Local search (GSAT, WALKSAT) University of Waterloo 1 2

444 views • 5 slides
First order logic (Ch. 8) Review: Propositional logic Propositional logic builds sentences that

First order logic (Ch. 8) Review: Propositional logic Propositional logic builds sentences that

First order logic (Ch. 8) Review: Propositional logic Propositional logic builds sentences that relate various symbols with true or false Each symbol is simply a unique identifier, but you cannot generalize between them While this is

399 views • 29 slides
Everybody wants coordination, but nobody wants to be coordinated. Who coordinates the

Everybody wants coordination, but nobody wants to be coordinated. Who coordinates the

Coordination in the field State of the art and lessons learned Alois A. Hirschmugl Austria EULUX WS 1 09.June 07 C O O R D I N A T I O N* O O R D I N A T I O N* C Everybody wants coordination, but nobody wants to be

409 views • 22 slides
Extra healthy years or just extra years? What do we know about the gap between life expectancy

Extra healthy years or just extra years? What do we know about the gap between life expectancy

Extra healthy years or just extra years? What do we know about the gap between life expectancy and healthy life expectancy on the island of Ireland? 7 March 2013 Kevin P Balanda, Lorraine Fahy, Safa Abdalla, Steve Barron Institute of Public

217 views • 20 slides
CPSC 121: Models of Computation Module 1: Propositional Logic By the start of the class, you

CPSC 121: Models of Computation Module 1: Propositional Logic By the start of the class, you

CPSC 121: Models of Computation Module 1: Propositional Logic By the start of the class, you should be able to: Translate back and forth between simple natural language statements and propositional logic. Evaluate the truth of propositional

150 views • 12 slides
First-Order Logic Russell and Norvig Chapter 8 Propositional logic J Propositional logic is

First-Order Logic Russell and Norvig Chapter 8 Propositional logic J Propositional logic is

First-Order Logic Russell and Norvig Chapter 8 Propositional logic J Propositional logic is declarative J Propositional logic is compositional: q meaning of B 1,1 P 1,2 is derived from meaning of B 1,1 and of P 1,2 J Meaning in propositional

478 views • 26 slides
01Introduction to CS5209; Propositional Calculus I CS 5209: Foundation in Logic and AI Martin

01Introduction to CS5209; Propositional Calculus I CS 5209: Foundation in Logic and AI Martin

Introduction to Foundation in Logic and AI Brief Introduction to CS5209 Administrative Matters Propositional Calculus: Declarative Sentences Propositional Calculus: Natural Deduction 01Introduction to CS5209; Propositional Calculus I CS

781 views • 61 slides
Muon g g- -2 and 2 and Muon a peculiar extra U(1) a peculiar extra U(1) PRD 80, 033001

Muon g g- -2 and 2 and Muon a peculiar extra U(1) a peculiar extra U(1) PRD 80, 033001

Muon g g- -2 and 2 and Muon a peculiar extra U(1) a peculiar extra U(1) PRD 80, 033001 (2009) [hep-ph/0811.0298] Jae Ho Heo Theoretical High Energy Group jheo1@uic.edu University of IL at Chicago PHENO 2010 PHENO 2010 g- -2 2 of the

459 views • 17 slides
Atoms Convention We usually use p , q , p 1 , etc, instead of sentences like The sun is

Atoms Convention We usually use p , q , p 1 , etc, instead of sentences like The sun is

Recap: Syntax and Semantics of Propositional Logic Propositional Atoms Questions Syntax of Propositional Logic Conjunctive Normal Form Evaluation of Formulas Algorithms for Satisfiability Atoms Convention We usually use p , q , p 1 , etc,

909 views • 45 slides
Communication, Services, and Coordination Communication, Services, and Coordination Communication

Communication, Services, and Coordination Communication, Services, and Coordination Communication

Communication, Services, and Coordination Communication, Services, and Coordination Communication and Coordination Communication and Coordination Architectures for coordination? What assumptions can we make: - about the network? The I nternet

293 views • 18 slides
Extra Higgses at LHC: Extra Higgses at LHC: EW Road to Baryogenesis The EW Road to Baryogenesis

Extra Higgses at LHC: Extra Higgses at LHC: EW Road to Baryogenesis The EW Road to Baryogenesis

Extra Higgses at LHC: Extra Higgses at LHC: EW Road to Baryogenesis The EW Road to Baryogenesis The Jose Miguel No (Sussex U.) Jose Miguel No 1310.6035 (PRD) with M. Ramsey-Musolf. 1305.6610 (JHEP), 1405.5537 (PRL), with G. Dorsch, S. Huber, K.

594 views • 57 slides
Semantics and Pragmatics of NLP Klein Propositional Tablaux Outline Drawing Inferences

Semantics and Pragmatics of NLP Klein Propositional Tablaux Outline Drawing Inferences

SPNLP: Propositional Tablaux Lascarides &amp; Semantics and Pragmatics of NLP Klein Propositional Tablaux Outline Drawing Inferences Propositional Tableaux Alex Lascarides &amp; Ewan Klein Summary School of Informatics University of

835 views • 23 slides
Revision on propositional logic: Propositions. Logical Connectives. Truth values and truth

Revision on propositional logic: Propositions. Logical Connectives. Truth values and truth

Revision on propositional logic: Propositions. Logical Connectives. Truth values and truth tables. Propositional formulae. Tautologies. Logical equivalence. Logical consequence. Logical correctness of propositional arguments. Valentin Goranko

600 views • 20 slides
Revision: Negation of propositional formulae Conjunctive and disjunctive normal forms of

Revision: Negation of propositional formulae Conjunctive and disjunctive normal forms of

Revision: Negation of propositional formulae Conjunctive and disjunctive normal forms of propositional formulae Valentin Goranko DTU Informatics September 2010 V Goranko Important equivalences for negations of propositional formulae

180 views • 7 slides
Logic as a Tool Chapter 2: Deductive Reasoning in Propositional Logic 2.5 Normal forms of

Logic as a Tool Chapter 2: Deductive Reasoning in Propositional Logic 2.5 Normal forms of

Logic as a Tool Chapter 2: Deductive Reasoning in Propositional Logic 2.5 Normal forms of propositional formulae Propositional Resolution Valentin Goranko Stockholm University October 2016 Goranko Disjunctive and conjunctive normal forms:

1.43k views • 107 slides

More recommend