Slide 1 / 44 Slide 2 / 44 7th Grade Matter and Energy in Everyday Life 2015-10-29 www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 44 Slide 4 / 44 Table of Contents Click on the topic to go to that section Photosynthesis Photosynthesis · Photosynthesis Formula Game · Cellular Respiration · Matter and Energy Flow · Return to Table of Contents Slide 5 / 44 Slide 6 / 44 Energy for Life Energy for Life Where do you think all All organisms get their energy organisms on Earth get their from the sun! energy? How is this possible though? Do different organisms get Isn't this giraffe getting its energy from different places or energy from the tree he is do all organisms get energy eating? from the same place? Brainstorm at your table and Brainstorm at your table and write your thoughts below. write your thoughts below.
Slide 7 / 44 Slide 8 / 44 Photosynthesis Photosynthesis Many living things can perform photosynthesis: The sun's energy cannot be used by cells without some help. How do plants get the Photosynthesis is the energy from the sun? process that makes the energy of Once you have come up sunlight usable for with an idea, move the picture for the answer. Algae all living things. Bacteria Plants Are there any animals who perform photosynthesis? Slide 9 / 44 Slide 10 / 44 1 Where does the energy for life come from? Photosynthesis Discovery Lab A Earth B The Sun Complete Lab assignment according to teacher directions. C Food D Fossil Fuels Check out this video about photosynthesis. Slide 11 / 44 Slide 12 / 44 Chemicals Involved in Photosynthesis Chemicals Involved in Photosynthesis Reactants (what goes into photosynthesis): Water: H 2 O · In addition to food, what do Carbon dioxide: CO 2 · plants provide to us which we (and the fish in this Products (what comes out of photosynthesis): picture) need? Oxygen: O 2 · Glucose: C 6 H 12 O 6 · Write your thoughts below. Glucose is sugar, a complex carbohydrate containing carbon. The individual molecules of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen are joined together to make this molecule.
Slide 13 / 44 Slide 14 / 44 Plant Cell Review What chemical is not part of the photosynthesis 2 process? In the last chapter, we learned about cells and organelles. A carbon dioxide B water At your table, think back and come up with a list of some cell C glucose characteristics and organelles which are specific to plants alone. D carbon monoxide E oxygen Be ready to give an example to the class! Slide 15 / 44 Slide 16 / 44 Reactants for Photosynthesis 3 Which of the following are used in Photosynthesis? (select all that apply) Photosynthesis occurs mainly in the leaves of plants and in the chloroplasts. A Sunlight B Water The pigment chlorophyll, which makes leaves green and is found C Hydrogen inside the chloroplasts, collects the energy of sunlight. D Carbon Dioxide The roots collect water and the stomata of the leaves collect CO 2. These two materials are called the reactants. Slide 17 / 44 Slide 18 / 44 Multi-Step Process 4 Which plant parts are used in the collection of raw materials for photosynthesis? Photosynthesis is a multi-step process. A chloroplast and endoplasmic reticulum Step 1: Collection of raw materials (sunlight energy, water, carbon dioxide). Step 1 is called the light dependent reactions. B mitochondria and golgi body Step 2: Processing of the raw materials to form glucose and C leaves and nucleus oxygen. This step is called the Calvin Cycle, which is also known as the light independent or dark reactions. D chloroplast and stomata
Slide 19 / 44 Slide 20 / 44 The Calvin Cycle 5 What is the name of the cycle that is also known as the light independent reactions? The Calvin Cycle occurs when the molecules of carbon dioxide and water are taken apart , rearranged and recombined using the A Calvin Cycle energy in sunlight to make glucose and oxygen. B Photosynthesis Cycle C Hobbes Cycle The Calvin Cycle is named for Melvin Calvin, who in 1937 alongside his colleagues at the D Respiration Cycle University of California, discovered the process. Slide 21 / 44 Slide 22 / 44 The Calvin Cycle Photosynthesis Equation Why is the Calvin cycle also called the dark reactions? Drag and drop the reactants and products into the correct place in the equation. It is not really dark! It can happen anytime of the day, but does ______ + _____ _______ + ______ not require light to work. Carbon Water Glucose Oxygen Dioxide Slide 23 / 44 Slide 24 / 44 Photosynthesis Formula Game Photosynthesis Equation The process can be simplified into the following equation: 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 sunlight Learn more about photosynthesis and formulas The equation above contains 6 carbon molecules, 12 hydrogen by playing this game. molecules, and 18 molecules in both the reactants and products. They have just been regrouped into different compounds. Return to Table of Contents
Slide 25 / 44 Slide 26 / 44 6 What are the products of photosynthesis? Overall Idea: Photosynthesis A Water and carbon dioxide Glucose is used by the cell immediately or stored for growth B Glucose and oxygen or later use. The oxygen is released as a waste product, it leaves through the stomata. C Carbon dioxide and glucose This is good news because humans and many other animals rely D Water and oxygen on this oxygen! The process of photosynthesis has stored the energy of sunlight for later use! Slide 27 / 44 Slide 28 / 44 Set Sail for the Island of Photosynthesis Project Cellular Respiration Please use lab sheets to complete this assignment. Return to Table of Contents Slide 29 / 44 Slide 30 / 44 Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration Humans and other animals do not photosynthesize. Instead, our cells perform a process called cellular respiration. Photosynthesis and respiration have a special relationship. In animals, breathing is also known as respiration. Our cells also need to breathe. What do you think the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration is? This happens in the mitochondria and the cytoplasm.
Slide 31 / 44 Slide 32 / 44 Cellular Respiration Photosynthesis vs. Cellular Respiration Our cells turn these reactants into water and carbon dioxide, which In photosynthesis, plants take in water and carbon dioxide and coincidentally is needed by photosynthetic organisms! produce glucose and oxygen. In order for cellular respiration to H water In this process, our O occur, cells need to take in this cells also release H glucose (sugar), which is collected Glucose (food) energy. This means Glucose (food) through food. C O O that cellular Carbon Dioxide The cells also need this oxygen, respiration is an which is collected by lungs, gills, or exothermic reaction. Oxygen Oxygen other similar structures. Energy Slide 33 / 44 Slide 34 / 44 Cellular Respiration Equation Cellular Respiration Equation Drag and drop the reactants and products into the correct place in the equation. C 6 H 12 O 6 + 6O 2 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + ATP ____ + _____ _____ + _____+ _____ This equation has 18 molecules of oxygen, 12 molecules of hydrogen and 6 molecules of carbon on both sides of the equation. ATP, or adenosine triphosphate, is the source of power in the cell. Carbon Water Energy Oxygen Glucose Dioxide Slide 35 / 44 Slide 36 / 44 Cellular Respiration vs Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration Molecular Model Activity How does the formula for cellular respiration relate to the formula for photosynthesis? Work together with your game boards from the Photosynthesis Formula game to complete the Venn Diagram in your class work section.
Slide 37 / 44 Slide 38 / 44 Cellular Respiration vs Photosynthesis These two processes are opposites. The products of one are the raw materials of the other. Photosynthesis produces glucose and oxygen, which are then used by cellular respiration to release energy, carbon dioxide and water. Slide 39 / 44 Slide 40 / 44 7 What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration? A There is no relationship Matter and Energy Flow B They are identical C They are very similar, but not identical D They are opposite processes Return to Table of Contents Slide 41 / 44 Slide 42 / 44 Complete the chart below Energy Energy, STORED. water and Glucose carbon and dioxide oxygen RELEASED. RELEASED.
Slide 43 / 44 Slide 44 / 44 Matter and Energy Flow Chart 8 How does energy flow through the cycle of photosynthesis and cellular respiration? Draw your own chart of matter and energy flow. A Energy is stored and never released. Include: B Energy is stored by photosynthesis and released All materials and the amounts of each by cellular respiration. A plant C Energy is released by photosynthesis and stored An animal by cellular respiration. All terms D Energy is released by photosynthesis and cellular Where energy is stored respiration. Where energy is released/ reused
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