Slide 1 / 78 Slide 2 / 78 3rd Grade PSI Ecosystems: Group Behavior www.njctl.org Slide 3 / 78 Slide 4 / 78 Ecosystems: Group Behavior Click on the topic to go to that section How do Animals Live? · How do Animals Live? · Advantages of Group Living · Disadvantages of Group Living · Group Differences Return to Table of Contents Slide 5 / 78 Slide 6 / 78 Bird Flocks How do Animals Live? "Birds of a feather flock together." Robert Half There are many reasons why birds live in flocks. Question: Why do birds flock together? Click on the picture to watch a flock of birds and see if you can think of more ideas as you watch how the flock moves together. In small groups, discuss why you think birds like the Red Billed Quelea live in flocks. Can you think of any other animals that live in groups?
Slide 7 / 78 Slide 8 / 78 How do Animals Live? Benefits to Groups These animals all live in groups. Why do you think many types of animals live together? Do you know what animals these are? (click on the boxes to check) fish ants How does living together help the group? Come up with some ideas with a partner. bees elephants bats Slide 9 / 78 Slide 10 / 78 1 Animals that live in groups often ________. Benefits to Groups A hunt together B raise young together Answer Living in a group means hunting together, raising C deal with the environment together young together, and dealing with changes in the environment together. D All of the above are correct For many organisms, living in a group helps the group survive! Slide 10 (Answer) / 78 Slide 11 / 78 1 Animals that live in groups often ________. 2 A group of birds is called a _______. A hunt together A flutter Answer B raise young together B flock Answer D C deal with the environment together C flurry D All of the above are correct D group [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 11 (Answer) / 78 Slide 12 / 78 2 A group of birds is called a _______. 3 Living in a group can help animals survive. A flutter True Answer B flock B False Answer C flurry D group [This object is a pull tab] Slide 12 (Answer) / 78 Slide 13 / 78 3 Living in a group can help animals survive. The Solitary Life True The opposite of living in a False Answer group is to live a solitary TRUE life. These animals spend most of their time alone. [This object is a pull tab] Can you think of an another example besides a polar bear? Slide 14 / 78 Slide 15 / 78 How do Animals Live? How do Animals Live? Did you guess any of these animals? These animals live solitary lives. (click on the boxes to reveal animal names) Do you think that solitary animals can spend all of their time alone? pollen wasp When do you think solitary animals might need to spend time with other animals? boa constrictor Hawaiian Hawk badger White Tip Shark
Slide 16 / 78 Slide 17 / 78 The Solitary Life How do Animals Live? Solitary animals need to spend time with other animals to breed and sometimes to raise their young. There is one time during their life that solitary animals do not live alone. Can you think of when that could be? What would happen if solitary animals were always alone?(discuss) Slide 18 / 78 Slide 19 / 78 How do Animals Live? Reptile Exceptions Interestingly, crocodiles are the most social of the reptiles. Some animals, especially amphibians and reptiles - like this salamander and leatherback sea turtle - live solitary lives and only see other animals of their species during the mating season. Some species are more tolerant of sharing territory during feeding and basking in the sun. They also show some care for their young, like They usually do not even see or care for their young! guarding the nest. Slide 20 / 78 Slide 21 / 78 Solitary Mammals Group Size Even animals that are normally solitary, like this jaguar, spend time in family groups while the cubs are young. In nature, groups vary in size and that affects the group dynamic. Small sized groups include approximately 5-20 individuals. This jaguar mother is about to carefully carry the cub to a safer den. A Pack of Wolves A Pride of Lions
Slide 22 / 78 Slide 23 / 78 Group Size Group Size Medium sized groups include 50 -100 individuals. Large sized groups include 100's to 1000's of individuals. Monarch butterflies live alone in the spring and summer months. In winter, they migrate to Mexico or California and swarm together to stay warm. Flock of Marsh Birds Colony of Prairie Dogs Thousands will live in a single tree! Slide 24 / 78 Slide 24 (Answer) / 78 4 All animals live in groups. 4 All animals live in groups. True True Answer Answer False False False [This object is a pull tab] Slide 25 / 78 Slide 25 (Answer) / 78 5 Can solitary animals spend all of their time alone? 5 Can solitary animals spend all of their time alone? Yes Yes Answer Answer No No No [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 26 / 78 Slide 26 (Answer) / 78 6 When do all animals need to spend time together? 6 When do all animals need to spend time together? A When they eat. A When they eat. Answer Answer B When they have young. B When they have young. C C When they breed. C When they breed. D When they lay in the sun. D When they lay in the sun. [This object is a pull tab] Slide 27 / 78 Slide 27 (Answer) / 78 7 What would happen if solitary animals never 7 What would happen if solitary animals never interacted with other animals? interacted with other animals? A They would be happier. A They would be happier. Answer Answer B B They would eventually become extinct. B They would eventually become extinct. C They would spend time with other animals instead. C They would spend time with other animals instead. D They would be the same. D They would be the same. [This object is a pull tab] Slide 28 / 78 Slide 28 (Answer) / 78 8 Crocodiles are one of the animals most known for 8 Crocodiles are one of the animals most known for living in groups. living in groups. True True Answer Answer False False False [This object is a pull tab]
Slide 29 / 78 Slide 29 (Answer) / 78 9 What groups of animmals tend to live solitary lives? 9 What groups of animmals tend to live solitary lives? (more than one answer) (more than one answer) A reptiles A reptiles Answer Answer A & D B fish B fish C birds C birds D amphibians D amphibians [This object is a pull tab] Slide 30 / 78 Slide 31 / 78 LAB: Solitary Versus Group Get ready to be part of a model of animals in nature! Advantages of In this lab, you and your classmates will experience what it is Group Living like to be solitary and to work in a group. Return to Table of Contents Slide 32 / 78 Slide 33 / 78 Advantages to Group Living Advantages of Group Living So, what are the benefits of living in a group? There are many reasons that animals choose to live in groups. Living in a group can have many advantages. What does advantage mean? You live in a group right (click on the box to reveal the answer) now. Think about how your family helps you! Make a list with a partner. An advantage is something that helps to make someone or something better or more likely to succeed than others. You can also think of it as a benefit or gain.
Slide 34 / 78 Slide 35 / 78 Advantages of Group Living Advantages of Group Living During the lab, did you discover any advantages, or benefits, to working with a group? The main advantages of living in a group are: What advantages do you think animals have living in a group instead It helps animals obtain food. of living alone? It helps animals defend themselves. It helps animals cope with changes. Slide 36 / 78 Slide 37 / 78 Advantages - Food Advantages - Food By working in groups to get food, animals can get more food than One advantage of living in a group is that food is shared within the they would be capable of getting on their own. group. These red harvester ants obtained a very Here is a pride of lions large piece of food to bring back to their eating a giraffe that nest. they worked together to hunt. Slide 38 / 78 Slide 39 / 78 Advantages - Food Advantages - Defense Many animals in groups communicate to achieve tasks such finding food. In a group, defense against predators is a combined effort. Scout honey bees travel to find food. When a scout finds food, they waggle dance. The The coloration of a waggle dance tells other scouts herd of zebras makes where to go to find more food. it more difficult for a predator to make a successful catch. Click here to watch a video on the waggle dance!
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