LOCATION OF BANGLADESH Presentation on Disaster Risk Reduction : Bangladesh Experience K H Masud Siddiqui Director General Disaster Management Bureau Ministry of Food and Disaster Management 1 Natural Hazards Natural Hazards Location of Bangladesh in South Asia Bangladesh is already facing a number of severe natural Hazards causing disasters, such as: floods cyclone and tidal surge drought river bank erosion water logging salinity tornados 3 4 Disaster Management in Bangladesh : Leanings and Present Trends DISASTER and Bangladesh � Bangladesh moving towards risk reduction Hazards Recent major disasters culture. � The response management system had well Year Disaster Deaths � Flood 1970 Cyclone 275,000 � Cyclone, tidal surge developed and intergraded from National to 1988 Flood 2373 � River Bank Erosion Local level with a few limitations. 1988 Cyclone 5704 � Earthquake 1989 Drought 800 � Disaster management is now considered as a � Drought 1991 Cyclone 138,868 � Salinity intrusion development issue 1996 Tornado 545 � Arsenic contamination 1997 Cyclone 550 � GoB has also developed a very comprehensive � Infrastructure collapse 1998 Flood 1050 vision, mission and development objectives � Fire 2004 Flood 747 � Tsunami 2007 Flood 854 5 6 1
GoB Vision: � to reduce the vulnerability of the poor to the effects of natural, environmental and human induced hazards to a manageable and acceptable humanitarian level MoFDM Mission: � to bring a paradigm shift in disaster management from conventional response and relief to a more comprehensive risk reduction culture Overall Objective: � to strengthen the capacity of the Bangladesh Disaster Management System to reduce unacceptable risk and improve response and recovery management at all levels 7 8 Institutional Arrangement for Disaster Management in Bangladesh Disaster Management Framework for Action National Disaster Management Council INTERNATIONAL DRIVERS Inter Ministerial Disaster Management National Disaster � Millennium Development Goals Coordination Management Advisory Committee (IMDMCC) Council (NDMAC) � Agenda 21 � United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Ministry of Food and Disaster Management Change � Hyogo Framework of Action (2005-2015) Directorate of Food Directorate of Relief Disaster Management and Rehabilitation Bureau � International Strategy for Disaster Reduction District Disaster (ISDR)-Global Platform Management Committee SAARC Comprehensive Regional Framework of � Municipal Disaster City Corporation Action Management Committee Disaster Management Committee Upazila Disaster Management Committee Union Disaster Management Committee 9 10 National Risk Reduction Framework NATIONAL DRIVERS � GoB Vision on Disaster Management Ministry of Food and Disaster Management Ministry of Food and Disaster Management � Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper PPPDU PPPDU � Standing Order on Disaster Management � National Plan for Disaster Management National Plan for Disaster Management ( 2007 National Plan for Disaster Management ( 2007- -2015 2015) DMB, DRR and DGoF DGoF Strategic Plans Strategic Plans DMB, DRR and � National Water Management Plan DGoF Operational Plans Operational Plans DMB, DRR and DGoF DMB, DRR and � National Adaptation Plan of Action Strategic Partnerships Strategic Partnerships Implementing Partnerships Implementing Partnerships Scientific and Technical Partnerships Scientific and Technical Partnerships 11 12 2
Risk Reduction Initiatives in Bangladesh Disaster Risk Reduction Program Launched since 2003 to support poor and vulnerable people to build resilience to natural hazards (specially flood). Community Risk Reduction Planning � Highly supportive to the needs of the people. To date, Community Risk Reduction Planning starts from 2004. This 61764 vulnerable people (56074 male and 5690 female) of program has developed a Risk Assessment Guideline and 72 Upazilas are supported with a total of 450 million taka in subsequently will train the DRROs, PIOs, Other Govt. 2004-2005. In this financial year, 650 million taka is Officials and NGOs on Risk Assessment and Risk Reduction supported to 287 Upazilas. Planning Procedures. � . Major achievements in relation to risk reduction are The major activities are: following: • Community Risk Assessment • Community Risk Reduction Planning • Decreasing income vulnerabilities • Scale up community best practices of risk reduction • Build hazard resilient small entrepreneurship • Increase economic empowerment 13 14 Seasonal Unemployment Reduction Program EARLY WARNING AND EVACUATION DRR has developed a seasonal unemployment reduction program in 2005-2006 fiscal year to reduce the vulnerabilities Early warning issued by the meteorological department of poor and marginal people to reduce their food (Cyclone, Rainfall, Temperature etc,) vulnerabilities during seasonal unemployment. Working Areas d o l l F Through District office DRROs and PIOs Flood Forecasting Jamalpur, Sherpur, Faridpur, Madaripur, Rajbari, Gopalganj, activate the DMCs and facilitate warning and Warning Center Rangpur, Nilphamari Lalmonirhat, Gaibandha and Kurigram disseminations (FFWC) districts. Budget : 500 million taka. Objectives : To address the risk of - Food insecurity - Market Inaccessibility - Unemployment 15 16 Information Flow during Emergency Response Overall Response Management District Disaster Union Disaster Upazila Disaster Management Management Committee Management Committee (DRRO) Committee Prime Minister Office PM office District, Upazilla and monitoring EOC cell ` Union/ Pourashava/ City Corporation Ministry of Food and Disaster Management FIELD 17 18 3
Resource Mobilization System Response mechanism Warning DRR MoFDM Evacuation Emergency Support Rehabilitation UNO Offices and Union Parishad DC Offices Recovery 19 20 FIELD Emergency Response Program Early Warning Dissemination Systems � Emergency Cash Relief � Emergency Shelter as Relief Bangladesh Meteorological Department collects and disseminate weather and rainfall data. BMD issues warning signals on cyclone � Distribution of Cloths and Tents as Relief Cyclone Preparedness Program (MoFDM) propagates emergency � Distribution of Housing Materials as Relief HF/VHF radio bulletins from BMD through a community volunteer network � Emergency Coordination at Union/ Upazila/ District level Flood Forecasting and Warning Center (MoWR) sends daily email, fax � Emergency Medical Care and couriered water level prediction bulletins to national and district agencies, and more frequently during emergencies � Communication Restoration Center for Environmental and Geographic Information Services � Security of the Evacuated and Sheltered People (MoWR) publishes an annual report of river bank erosion predictions at � Provide Social Counseling to the Victim or Affected active sites on the main rivers � Ensure Recreation and other social activities (specially for children) � Emergency Food Relief 21 22 Disaster Management Information Centre Disaster Management Information Centre Goal: to implement effective information sharing among Goal: to implement effective information sharing among disaster management agencies and communities to support disaster management agencies and communities to support sustainable risk reduction and emergency response capacity: sustainable risk reduction and emergency response capacity: � for all hazards � for all hazards � in all sectors � in all sectors � in normal times and emergencies � in normal times and emergencies � throughout the nation and regionally � throughout the nation and regionally 23 24 4
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